Who will receive a deferment from the army in 2021 and what innovations should conscripts take into account?

Study deferment

Conscripts who are already 18 years old are given a deferment until they graduate from school. Students who are receiving specialized secondary specialized education (at a technical school or college) can count on a deferment from military service. A deferment from military service is also provided to those conscripts who are studying for doctoral or postgraduate studies.

Some conscripts do not know how to get a deferment from the army to study at a university. To do this, you need to enroll in a higher education institution that has the appropriate state accreditation.

Note! A conscript loses the right to a deferment from the army after college or school if he was expelled from a university for academic debt or failure to attend classes.

Granting a deferment due to pregnancy of a conscript's wife

To receive a deferment, a number of conditions must be met by a citizen called up for military service on the above grounds:

• the conscript must be exclusively in an official marriage registered by the civil registry office, since if there is a relationship that is not properly registered, a deferment is not granted;
• by the time the conscription campaign begins, the young man must already have one child born, and the mother of the baby may be a woman who is not the official spouse of the conscript, since in such circumstances only the establishment of the fact of paternity of the citizen being called up is important;
• The conscript's wife must be in late pregnancy (at least twenty-six weeks) by the time her husband receives the summons from the military commissariat.

Thus, receiving a deferment for young men is possible only if the above requirements are strictly met. At the same time, the citizen’s responsibilities include documentary confirmation of all circumstances; for this, during the passage of the draft commission, he submits:

• the original or a copy certified by a notary office of a document received from the civil registry office on marriage registration;
• the original or a copy certified by a notary office of a document received from the registry office about the birth of the eldest child;
• a document (certificate, conclusion) issued by a medical institution (antenatal clinic at the place of residence) containing information about the fact of pregnancy of the conscript’s wife, as well as the duration of pregnancy. The document must contain the stamped signatures of the head and attending physician of the institution, as well as information about the date of its preparation.

Simultaneously with the submission of these documents, the citizen called up for service is also required to undergo a medical examination.

This type of deferment is provided for the period of the wife’s pregnancy (until the birth of the second child). When the second baby appears, the conscript must provide the military commissariat with the necessary set of documents to obtain a deferment from conscription service due to the presence of two minor children. However, the law does not provide for the possibility of receiving benefits due to multiple pregnancies.

Deferment for family reasons

The right to a deferment for family reasons is reserved for conscripts who are raising two or more children. A young father who has a young child and a wife who is in the last trimester of pregnancy cannot be drafted into the army.

Important! The right to receive a deferment from military service is granted to a father raising a disabled child (under three years old).

A deferment from the army should also be given to the father of a child whose mother died or was deprived of parental rights.

Note! The right to receive a deferment from military service if you have children should be confirmed at the military registration and enlistment office annually. If the father is deprived of parental rights, the right to grant a deferment for family reasons is lost.

A deferment can also be obtained by a young person who provides full-time care for immediate family members. These include:

• wife;
• father;
• mother;
• siblings;
• grandmother;
• siblings;
• grandfather.

In this case, a number of conditions must be met (otherwise the conscript will not be granted a deferment from conscription in 2021):

• the relative whom the conscript is caring for should not be fully supported by the state;
• the relative is first subjected to a medical and social examination. During the examination, it must be proven that he really needs care. In this case, the conscript must be the only close relative who is able to provide proper care for a patient in need of constant supervision.

Deferment granted if a conscript has two or more children

A citizen subject to conscription has the right to receive an exemption from military service due to the presence of two or more minor children. In this case, babies can be born to different women, and the conscript may not even be the biological father of the babies. When members of the draft commission make a decision on granting benefits, the following facts also do not matter:

• divorce of a conscript from the mother (or mothers) of all his children;
• lack of a registered marriage with the mother (or mothers) of all their children;
• permanent residence of the conscript separately from all his children.

A young man only needs to prove the fact of his paternity or official adoption (or adoption), since children adopted by court decision are identified in their rights (property and non-property) with blood relatives.

To obtain exemption from conscription service, a citizen must:

• undergo a medical examination in accordance with the procedure established by law;
• provide a certificate indicating all members of his family;
• provide the original or a copy certified by a notary office of the child’s birth document (the possibility of obtaining a deferment arises only after the official registration of the fact of the child’s birth by the civil registry office).

This benefit may cease to apply if the young man loses his father’s status (for example, if his parental rights are deprived).

Obtaining a deferment from conscription for health reasons

The conscript may receive a deferment due to health reasons. In most cases, the category of group “G” is assigned for a long period (six months or twelve months). After this period of time, a re-examination is indicated, which is necessary to assess the general health of the young person.

Re-examination is required to determine the final fitness category. In some situations, the draft commission decides that the young man should be granted a second deferment from the army.

Category “G” can be assigned to a conscript suffering from the following pathologies:

• severe diseases of the endocrine system;
• eczema and other serious dermatological diseases;
• severe pathologies of the genitourinary system.

The corresponding category can also be assigned to young men who have deviations in physical development:

• underweight (less than 45 kg);
• short stature (less than 150 cm).

In order to receive a temporary deferment for health reasons, the conscript is recommended to have the following documents with him when passing the military medical commission:

• extract from the medical card;
• results of relevant examinations.

Documents must be correctly executed (with signatures and seals of officials).

It is worth noting that a deferment from the army for health reasons is also given in the presence of hydrocele. With this pathology, there is an accumulation of excess fluid in the tissues of the testicle. Hydrocele usually occurs in early infancy.

The likelihood of developing pathology in young men increases under the influence of the following factors:

• the young man has gonorrhea;
• hard physical work;
• the presence of prostatitis in the patient;
• infection with chlamydia.

At an early stage of the pathology, conservative therapy is carried out. In the presence of acute inflammation, surgery is performed. Surgery is also indicated when more than a liter of fluid accumulates in the testicular tissue area.

Young men with congenital kidney anomalies that are not accompanied by the occurrence of functional disorders also have the right to receive category “G”. Granting a deferment from military service is also possible if you have the following health problems:

• retention of one of the testicles in the area of ​​the inguinal canal;
• varus deformity of the femoral neck. With this pathology, shortening of one leg is observed.

A deferment from military service is also granted if the young man has phimosis, in which the opening of the foreskin is significantly reduced in size. The risk of developing the disease increases due to the following reasons:

• neglect of personal hygiene rules;
• the presence of inflammation in the foreskin area;
• the occurrence of scleroderma of the penis.

In the absence of proper treatment, the disease can cause serious complications in the genitourinary system. In the presence of phimosis, sexual desire often decreases and cystitis develops. Phimosis diagnosed at a late stage can cause infertility.

A young man of military age is advised to consult a doctor if the following manifestations of phimosis occur:

• the occurrence of a burning sensation;
• the appearance of severe itching;
• pain in the reproductive organs.

If phimosis is at an early stage, there are no grounds for granting a deferment from conscription for health reasons. If there is a need for a surgical operation, the conscript is assigned category “G”.

Deferment from the army due to work

If you entered the service of the internal affairs bodies, the State Fire Service, institutions and bodies of the penal system, authorities for control of the circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and customs authorities of the Russian Federation immediately after graduating from educational institutions of higher professional education of these bodies and institutions, respectively , if you have a higher professional education and special ranks, then for the duration of your service in these bodies and institutions you should be granted a deferment from the army;

You should be granted a deferment from the army if you are elected as a deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, a deputy of legislative (representative) bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, a deputy of representative bodies of a municipal entity or the head of a municipal entity, subject to the exercise of your powers on an ongoing basis, — for a term of office in the specified bodies;

If you are registered in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on elections as a candidate for a position filled through direct elections or for membership in bodies (chambers of bodies) of state power or local government bodies - for the period up to and including the day of the official publication (promulgation) of the general election results , and in case of early departure - up to and including the day of departure, you must be given a deferment from the army;

Legal regulation of the issue

A person drafted into the armed forces can defer military service, strictly following the provisions of Law No. 53-FZ of March 28, 1998. Possible reasons for deferment due to family circumstances of a conscript are listed in paragraph 1 of Article 24 of this legal act:

• a citizen liable for military service regularly takes care of his relatives who, due to health reasons, require such care (subparagraph “b”);
• a subject wishing to temporarily be released from the army has formalized guardianship or guardianship over siblings who have not reached the age of majority at the time of conscription (subparagraph “b.1”);
• a citizen raises his own child without any assistance from the mother of this baby (subparagraph “c”);
• the person has at least two children (subparagraph “d”);
• the citizen has a disabled child who was under three years of age at the time of conscription (subparagraph “e”);
• the person liable for military service who intends to receive a deferment already has a daughter (son), as well as a spouse who is in late pregnancy (at least 26 weeks). Such a basis is determined by subparagraph “i” of this law.

An army deferment is given for all the reasons listed above, provided that the conscript has official papers confirming his right to such a preference. The duration of such exemption in each individual case depends on the validity of the relevant reason.

Deferment due to raising children

As part of protecting the interests of children, in a number of cases their fathers are given the opportunity to defer military service for a certain period of time.

Such cases include:

• 
  A father is raising a child without a mother. This situation presupposes a deferment even if there are other relatives of the child who are capable of caring for his development and upbringing during the period of his father’s absence. To apply for a deferment on this basis, you must collect and submit the following package of documents to the military registration and enlistment office:

• child's birth certificate (issued at the registry office at the place of registration)
• a certificate from the passport office, which reflects the full composition of the family,
• documents confirming the mother’s non-participation in raising the child (death certificate, court decision on deprivation of parental rights, in case of divorce - a certificate of divorce and a court decision on the right of the child to live with the father, a document declaring the mother missing, and so on) .

In this case, the deferment will be granted for the entire period of raising the child, including until the father reaches the end of his conscription age (up to 27 years).

• A father of more than two children has a deferment for the entire period of maintaining this status, the status of the relationship with their mother or mothers, the presence or absence of a registered relationship, or living separately from all their children is not taken into account.

IMPORTANT! In this case, even the biological relationship of the child and father is not taken into account. The fact that a man acknowledges his paternity or adoption of children in official documents is important.

The deferment can be terminated in this case in the situation of the death of the child or the deprivation of parental rights of the father. The list of documents will be similar to those listed above, with the exception of documents relating to the status of the mother.

• 
  Father raising a disabled child

  . In this case, the deferment will be issued until the child is three years old. In this case, in addition to the standard package of documents of the draft commission, it will be necessary to provide a certificate of disability of the child, issued by the commission for medical and social examination. If there is such a deferment due to these circumstances, the conscript annually provides a certificate of disability of the child until he reaches the age of three years.

Independent education of the applicant’s own child

A citizen liable for military service who is raising his own child without any assistance from that child's mother may defer compulsory military service. The preference is issued in accordance with subparagraph “c” of paragraph 1 of Article 24 of Law No. 53-FZ of March 28, 1998.

The presence of other relatives capable of supporting and raising this child while his father is performing military duties is not taken into account.

In addition to the medical examination, the applicant must present the following documents:

1. Family composition.
2. Official birth certificate of the baby.
3. Confirmation of the child’s cohabitation with his father (for example, a court verdict limiting his mother’s parental rights).

Thus, the applicant for the deferment must officially confirm (prove) to the military registration and enlistment office employees that he is raising his own child on his own. At the same time, the mother of this baby does not participate at all in the upbringing process. The father is released from the army on this basis until the child turns 18 years old.

Having a disabled child

If a person liable for military service has a disabled child who has not reached the age of three at the time of conscription, this allows him to defer military service. For this reason, you can be released from the army until the child turns 3 (three) years old. In this case, the right to the benefit is confirmed annually.

The preference applicant undergoes a proper medical examination and submits the following papers to the military registration and enlistment office employees:

1. Family composition.
2. Certificate of birth of the baby.
3. Evidence of the child's disability (documentary).

How is a deferment granted in each specific case?

In order to be able to defer the performance of military duty, the conscript provides documents proving the fact of the benefit entitled to him. In order to collect a complete package of documents, it is important to consult with professional lawyers. Otherwise, the military commissariat will not receive information on the basis of which it can decide on a deferment.

Some deferment options are difficult to document, which is why it is so important to entrust the collection of documents to people who understand the origin of the officially recorded information.