In the modern world, issues regarding pensions have become increasingly discussed. After all, the current year is very rich in changes. This is especially true in the area of pension services. This year, a large number of reforms were adopted in this area, and it cannot be said that all of them were well received by the population.
Today, the size of the pension does not represent the amount on which one could live for a whole month. However, its size depends on many factors that influence how much you will be credited in the future. Also, depending on what position you previously held, the amount of payments will be affected in the future. In this article we will look exclusively at pensions for such employees as civil servants.
Who are federal civil servants?
First, let's look at who is considered to be government employees and what specific professions can be included in their list. Federal state civil servants mean those employees of federal state civil institutions who, at the same time, receive monetary payments in connection with the performance of assigned duties and positions.
In other words, these are those citizens who occupy ordinary government positions and work exclusively in official positions.
Such employees include the following citizens:
- Law enforcement officers, for example, such as police officers.
- Military personnel, as well as those units that directly relate to them.
- Workers of the fire and tax services, as well as organizations whose responsibilities include maintaining law and order in the country.
- Employees of various regional institutions whose responsibilities directly include providing assistance and support to the local population.
A large number of benefits are also provided to these types of citizens. All of them are directly related to the fact that upon retirement they are entitled to a whole list of additional privileges. Obtaining these privileges is also associated with performing conscientious and high-quality work and serving in positions held.
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One of the benefits includes state allowances provided that you have a minimum work experience, which is equal to 15 years of service. And the amount of the bonus directly depends on the length of the length of service, since the larger its size, the more money is accrued. However, if there is a minimum type of experience, the bonus will be almost half of the employee’s previous salary.
Which civil servants are eligible to increase their retirement age?
Raising the retirement age has affected all segments of the population. The new rules also apply to civil servants. The law and the changes specified in it affected several levels of officials. Later, people who will retire will:
- held public office at the federal level and in the regions;
- worked in municipal institutions;
- work in state civil positions and municipal services.
Retirement for civil servants has changed in relation to employees of the tax service, statistics, and treasury. Later, the judiciary, the executive branch, Roslesnadzor and others will rest.
Payments for long service, old age and disability are issued simultaneously
If a person works in a budget organization as a teacher, doctor, kindergarten teacher, university teacher, or employee of a research institute, then he does not belong to this category, therefore the conditions for civil servants do not apply to him. This also does not apply to ordinary government employees: cleaners, programmers and others.
Conditions for assigning pensions
Regardless of what position you hold or perform work, if it is related to a government department, then in any case you are entitled to a certain type of benefit.
However, there are certain professions that are entitled to slightly different benefits due to the fact that their type of activity involves hard work not only in the physical sense, but also in the psychological sense. It is also worth noting that there are certain areas of activity for which benefits are assigned on an individual basis and have types of benefits.
There are two types of these benefits, namely:
- Assignment of pension payments based on a certain amount of length of service.
- Assignment of pension payments upon reaching the established retirement age.
As for other types of civil servants who cannot be classified in the above category of persons, pension payments are assigned to them in the following order:
- Having professional work experience equal to at least 20 years of service in government agencies.
- Having a total work experience of 20 to 25 years. It doesn’t matter where exactly you carried out your work activity and in what structures, in any case it will be counted.
- Leaving the workplace due to reaching retirement age or personal desire.
Conditions for receiving a pension for civil servants
The conditions for receiving a pension for civil servants are regulated at the legislative level. According to Art. 7 Federal Law “On State Pension Provision in the Russian Federation” the right to security for long service arises when:
- having the necessary experience;
- dismissal from service by agreement of the parties or upon expiration of the contract;
- calculation of 25 years of service and dismissal based on completion of the contract before retirement age;
- establishing medical indications about the inability to continue serving. Find out in advance how to obtain a disability group.
To establish the category “civil servant”, the following factors must be met:
- carrying out activities in a federal or municipal service position;
- suitability for the position;
- receiving wages from the budget;
- Possession of administrative and managerial functions.
To receive a pension, the conditions must be met at once. For persons holding a civil servant post, the same criteria apply.
Receiving additional payment is possible only after the end of service
What is included in the length of service in the state civil service?
First, let's look at what the term experience means. It represents the full period of time during which a citizen held a certain position and performed his job duties.
Length of service plays the most important role when retiring, since it can affect its size and also when exactly a person can achieve the right to retire. Experience is divided into two types and can be general and special. But for most organizations, including government ones, it is calculated a little differently.
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Total length of service refers to the full period of time during which a person performed work. And it doesn’t matter where exactly he worked and what area he was in.
As for the special, in this case only that period of work activity is taken into account during which the person performed work exclusively in his professional field.
Now let's look at what is included in the length of service for civil servants upon retirement. This includes the following:
- Work experience, the duration of which must be at least 15 years;
- Well-deserved leave granted annually to recuperate;
- The period of time spent on sick leave.
Good to know! It should also be noted that these requirements are valid only for those organizations that require employees to have special professional experience upon retirement. As for the general thing, there are more lenient requirements for it.
Minimum length of service in civil service for granting a pension
As mentioned earlier in this article, in order to obtain the right to retire, it is important not only to reach the retirement age, which, as is already known, has increased, but also to have a minimum amount of work experience. Because if you do not have work experience in a certain field, namely, working all this time in the civil service, you will not be able to retire until you have gained it.
According to the latest changes made to the pension system for civil servants, the minimum length of service must be at least 15 years. And all this time you had to work in your professional field. If the total amount of your experience is 15 years, but you did not work all this time in your field of activity, then this experience is not taken into account and is not complete.
It should also be noted that government employees are also entitled to additional benefits regarding their professional work experience. If the size is 15 years, then the additional payment is 45% of the previously received wages.
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If your experience is more than 15 years, then for each additional year you are entitled to a 3% bonus.
Increased length of service
There is no provision for an increase in length of service for pension eligibility from 20 to 30 years in 2020. However, from January 1, 2021, a law is in force that provides for a gradual increase in the minimum working experience in government agencies. Thus, the pension of judges (as well as other public sector employees) in 2021 will be increased in stages: an annual increase of six months to 65 years for men and 60 years for women.
Increasing the length of service to 25 years, which gives the right to a pension, is provided for by a new law, which may come into effect as early as January 1, 2021.
The law provides for payments in the amount of 65% of salary for 25 years of service, and beyond this period an addition of 3%, but not more than 95%.
Currently, after 20 years of military service, a serviceman has the right to a pension equal to half of his salary, depending on his existing salary, military rank, position, bonus for the period of service and other indexations. For each year of service after 20 years, a serviceman receives a bonus of 6.3%, but not more than 85%.
Amount and procedure for calculating the state pension for years of service
As for the size of pension accruals for civil servants, it differs from payments to an ordinary employee of a simple state organization. This is due to the fact that the work of these workers is much more difficult both in the physical and psychological sense of the word.
There are several options in which a former civil servant is entitled to receive a state pension, which include the following:
- Reaching retirement age, and according to the increase in the current year, it is 61.5 years for males and 56.5 years for females.
- The presence of a disability - regardless of whether it was acquired during service or congenital.
- With the loss of the head of the family, who was their breadwinner.
It is worth saying that for each civil servant the pension amount is set individually, since the calculation takes into account such a factor as the amount of work experience. And the larger its size, the greater the amount of pension payments that are assigned to him or his family.
There is also a special formula with which you can easily calculate the size of your future pension. And it looks like this:
P = (SZ*45% – SP) + SZ*3%*St
In which P is the pension, SZ is the average salary, SP is the total amount of old-age pension payments, and ST is the minimum length of service equal to 15 years.
Now let's look at a clear example of calculation using this formula, which will help you understand its use and practicality. Ivanov I.P. is a civil servant and is due for a well-deserved retirement in the current year 2021. His working experience is 19 years.
The average salary is 35,000 rubles. Old age benefits are equal to 15,000. And now we insert the data into the formula:
P= (35.000*0.45-15.000) +35.000*0.3*0.4=4.950
His length of service is 4 years longer than required, and for each year he is entitled to a 3% bonus, and thus the amount of future pension payments will be 54% of the average salary.
Calculation of payments for length of service
A civil servant's pension includes the following types of payments:
- insurance and old-age savings in the usual manner;
- for disability (if any);
- for the loss of a breadwinner (if this is true);
- for long service.
Pension payments to civil servants vary from 45 to 75% of the average salary and cannot cross the maximum value limit.
How the amount of surcharges is determined
In statistical form, the additional payment for length of service is calculated as follows: 45% of average earnings - deduction;
where the deduction is taken:
- the amount of old-age pension;
- disability benefit (
Applying for a state long-service pension
To start receiving a state pension if you have length of service, you need to submit the necessary list of documents to the necessary authorities, namely the personnel service, since it is this organization that deals with such issues.
The list of required documents includes:
- Prepared application in accordance with all requirements and writing form.
- Passport – original and copy.
- And additional documents, a list of which you can obtain directly by contacting the specified service.
The procedure may take some time, so don't expect everything to go quickly. Also, you need to submit an application with documents at a certain time, or more precisely, several months before retirement. This way you guarantee yourself a timely pension and retirement.
How is the pension paid?
According to the general rules, to receive such payments, citizens submit a corresponding application to the Pension Fund branch. However, civil servants are an exception to the rule - they should contact the appropriate structure of the body in which they served in public service.
Most often this structure is the personnel department. If the body in which the employee worked was liquidated, then you can contact the organization to which his functions and powers were transferred.
To apply, you must prepare the following documents:
- Application for a pension. It is drawn up in the name of the chairman of the territorial Pension Fund.
- Passport.
- Other additional documents. For example, a citizen may be required to provide papers confirming his registration, work experience, etc.
The specific list of required documents must be clarified with the authority to which the application for a pension is submitted. It is worth considering that some categories of civil servants will receive payments not from the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, but from the structure or department in which they served.
The long-service pension is assigned from the 1st day of the month in which the applicant applied for it, but subject to his having the right to receive it at that time.
Payments are made monthly, and the pensioner himself has the right to choose the organization and method of receiving them (Russian Post, one of the banks).
The total amount of compensation upon dismissal for pensioners depends on how exactly the employee was dismissed: at his own request, due to staff reduction or at the initiative of the employer. When receiving a “gray salary,” the employee is deprived of all payments (sick leave, maternity leave, etc.), although in some cases such wages may be higher than the official one. How to influence an employer in such an illegal decision, read this article.
The employer has no right to violate the deadlines for paying maternity benefits. Read more about the rights of pregnant women to receive benefits here.
Changes in 2021
As for changes, they never cease to overtake the pension sector. Before people have time to recover from one statement, something new comes into force. The first thing that has changed is the retirement age.
If earlier there were rumors that they would make an exception for civil servants and would not raise them, now they have been officially refuted. But there is also good news, which is that pension payments will be indexed. And these positive trends will continue for several years.
