How to manage maternity capital: current guide for 2021

Federal maternity capital has become widespread. In 2011, regional maternity capital began to operate. Its main difference is that this certificate is issued for the second and subsequent children, and not for the second child, as is the case with the federal level program.

How it works

Maternity capital is a one-time assistance from the state to families who have a child or who have adopted a child. The payment amount is indexed every year. This year, parents will receive 616,617 rubles for their child.

Read on the topic: Matkapital 2021: who and how much will be able to receive at the birth of children

Matkapital is not cash, but a certificate for financial assistance. The certificate cannot be cashed, although there are situations when you can receive part of the amount in cash. Maternity capital can only be spent on certain purposes; you will not be able to manage the money at your own will. The family chooses where to spend the help, and the Pension Fund transfers the money to its destination. For example, to the bank for a down payment on a mortgage or to the education department to pay for kindergarten.

Matkapital is federal assistance, but regions can assign additional payments to parents. This is called regional maternity capital. The amount is determined by the regional administration. For example, in Primorye in 2021, mothers will receive 139,900 rubles, and in the Rostov region - 121,287 rubles. You can find out the amount on the official website of the regional administration, the social protection department, the Pension Fund or the MFC.

Unused capital or its balance is indexed annually. There is no need to pay personal income tax on maternity capital.

Legislative regulation

There is no universal legislative act designed to regulate the implementation of the RMC program by subjects. Legal standards are established by each region independently. In most cases, the following standards are developed:

1. Decree of the governor or regional Government, law of the subject on the start of the program.
2. Order of the regional administration or the Government on the procedure for assigning and processing payments.
3. A decree defining the rules for the use of money.

Indexation of funds due under the RCC is carried out only by decision of regional legislators!

Who can receive maternity capital

Maternity capital is issued for children born or adopted. The right to maternal capital is valid from January 1, 2007 - if the child was born or adopted earlier, then it will not be possible to receive maternal capital. Here's who can qualify for government assistance:

• Mother
  - if she is a Russian citizen and has not been deprived of parental rights.
• Father
  - if the child’s mother died or was deprived of parental rights. The father's nationality does not matter.
• Adoptive parent
  - if he is a citizen of Russia and the child was adopted no earlier than January 1, 2007. Maternal capital will also be issued for the first adopted child if the court decision on adoption came into force on January 1, 2021.
• The child himself
  - if the parents or adoptive parents have died or been deprived of parental rights. The child must be a citizen of Russia, although he can live in another country. If the child is an adult, he himself submits an application for maternity capital; if not, the guardianship authorities do this for him.

Other relatives and guardians are not entitled to maternity capital.

Will maternity capital be extended after December 31, 2018?

On November 28, 2021, Vladimir Putin, speaking at a meeting in the Kremlin on demographic policy issues, announced the long-awaited decision to extend the maternity capital program for another 3 years - that is, until December 31, 2021. And in December 2021, the corresponding law No. 432-FZ was adopted. This decision was justified by the fact that the program has been in effect for 11 years and Russians expect to receive this money in the future. And since the program has shown its effectiveness and has proven itself well in solving the tasks assigned to it, there is no point in closing it , especially since Russian demography has again entered a falling phase since 2021 (the birth rate is falling, natural population growth has stopped).

Previously, the government discussed the issue of a possible extension of the provision of state assistance to families with two children for five years until 2023 . This proposal was made by the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation. However, this proposal was not supported, since due to the unstable economic situation it is now difficult to plan state programs for such a long period (the federal budget, for example, is now planned only for a 3-year period).

Despite the fact that information has recently appeared in various media about a decrease by a quarter in the first half of 2021 in the number of applications from Russians for certificates , it is unfair to talk about a decrease in interest in the program . The Pension Fund of the Russian Federation believes that the natural decrease in the number of applications from citizens to obtain certificates is associated with several factors:

• an objective decrease in the birth rate in the country according to Rosstat data;
• in 2021, there was a big stir in 2021 around a one-time payment from maternity capital, for which it was necessary to have a certificate in hand, and therefore many families who were postponing its registration at that time did so to receive 25 thousand rubles in hand (i.e. data on the number of certificates issued for 2021 may be inflated and comparing them directly with 2021 is not entirely correct).

To find an optimal solution to the issue of extending maternity capital after 2021, the Government, from July 25, 2017 to September 10, 2017, conducted a survey as part of an Internet project on the page of the official website of the Ministry of Labor of Russia in order to identify the necessary measures on the part of the state that According to Russians, they could encourage families to increase the number of children.

It is possible that the decision to extend the maternity capital program until the end of 2021 was made by the country’s leadership, including taking into account the opinion of the Russians themselves based on the results of this survey.

Where can you send maternity capital?

The law strictly defines the purposes for which maternity capital can be spent. These are education, a funded pension for the mother, improved housing conditions, monthly payments for low-income families, and goods and services for the adaptation of disabled children. You cannot buy a car, building materials or pay for an operation.

You can choose one direction or distribute maternity capital for different purposes - the law allows this. For example, leave part of it for a funded pension, send part to pay for the child’s education, and send part to improve living conditions. You can change your goals at any time until all your capital has been used.

An application for the distribution of maternal capital funds is submitted to the Pension Fund. You can do it in person, then the form will be issued at the branch, or through the official website of the Pension Fund or State Services. True, you will still need to come to the Pension Fund office with your passport and SNILS within five days after submitting your application online and sign the documents.

Sample of filling out an application for disposal of maternal capital

Sample of filling out an application for disposal of maternal capital

Sample of filling out an application for disposal of maternal capital

Sample of filling out an application for disposal of maternal capital

Sample of filling out an application for disposal of maternal capital

Sample of filling out an application for disposal of maternal capital

Pay for education

You can pay for a kindergarten, school or university, pay for clubs, courses, developmental programs and the child’s accommodation in a hostel. In this case, it does not matter which child “helped” to receive maternity capital - the money can be spent on any child in the family or on several at once. For example, a third child was born in a family, the second is still in school, and the first is already entering college. The mother can pay for the school activities of the second child and pay for university tuition and hostel fees for the first.

If the child is an adult, then you can use the money until he is 25 years old. After this age, you won’t be able to get maternity capital; it will “burn out.”

Required conditions:

• the educational institution must be located on the territory of Russia, have a license to provide educational services and be a legal entity - private institutions and individual entrepreneurs are not suitable;
• At the time of receiving the money, the child must not be more than 25 years old and must be a full-time student at an educational institution.

If parents receive compensation from the local budget for paying for kindergarten, then the amount minus this compensation will be allocated from maternity capital.

The pension fund will transfer money for the entire period specified in the agreement. If the child stopped studying or moved out of the hostel before the end of the contract, the mother must write a statement of refusal to send money and indicate the reason. For example, in connection with the expulsion of a child from university.

The pension fund transfers money to the account of the educational institution for about two months, so you need to conclude an agreement in advance.

Improve living conditions

Improving living conditions is the purchase of a new home, construction or reconstruction of a house or cottage. Repairs and the purchase of building materials are not considered an improvement in living conditions; maternal capital cannot be spent on this. Gasification of the house and installation of water supply, oddly enough, is also not an improvement; maternity capital will not be issued for such purposes.

How you can use maternity capital:

• add to your own savings and buy an apartment;
• use it to repay a housing loan;
• make a down payment on a mortgage;
• compensate for construction costs if the house has already been built;
• pay an entrance fee to the developer if you are participating in shared construction;
• pay the amount or part thereof under a shared construction agreement.

They do not give out money in person - the Pension Fund transfers the required amount to the bank, development company, contractor or individual who is selling the apartment. An application for the disposal of maternal capital can be signed at the bank, when applying for a mortgage or repaying a debt. The bank itself will transfer the information to the Pension Fund.

You can only receive cash capital in one case - if you are building or reconstructing a house yourself. Then they will transfer you up to 50% of the amount for construction, and after six months they will check what you built with this money. If the box of foundation, walls and roof is already ready, or the old house really gets bigger, the second part of the capital will be issued.

If a third child is born in the family, then you can add 450,000 rubles to the maternity capital, which the state gives to repay the loan. We told you how to get them.

Nuances you need to know:

• Matkapital can be used to pay off a mortgage if the loan agreement is signed to the husband.
• And even if it was concluded long before the birth of the child.
• The money can be used to build a house or cottage on a garden plot. Ownership of land is mandatory.
• There is no need to obtain a building permit - just submit a notification to the urban planning department of the city administration that the family will build a house. Forms have been developed for notifications; they must be filled out without errors or omissions, otherwise they may not be accepted.
• Mortgages using maternal capital can only be issued in Dom.rf, licensed banks, credit and agricultural consumer cooperatives that have been operating for at least three years. The date that matters is March 29, 2021. If you took out a loan not from a bank, but from an employer, a private lending company or an MFO after this date, you will not be able to repay the debt with maternity capital. For contracts executed before the 29th, the restriction does not apply; maternity capital must be issued.
• If in order to purchase a new home it is necessary to sell the old one in which the children had shares, then the consent of the guardianship and trusteeship authorities will be required.
• You cannot use maternal capital to purchase housing that has been declared in disrepair or unfit for habitation.
• It will not be possible to pay fines, commissions or penalties for late loans with Matkapital.
• Housing purchased with the help of maternal capital must be registered as the common property of all family members, and shares must be allocated to children.
• You can buy housing using maternal capital in any region of Russia, regardless of where the certificate was issued.

For mortgage loans using maternal capital, banks offer reduced rates - from 5% per annum. You can refinance your mortgage with another bank if part of the loan was repaid with maternal capital. True, not everyone agrees to such a deal - difficulties may arise with allocating shares in the apartment to children. You need to check with a specific bank to see if they will do such refinancing.

Mortgage calculator and bank selection

Maternity capital alone is not enough to buy a home. To buy a house, we also took advantage of the “Young Family” program of the city of Yalutorovsk. We waited our turn for almost 3 years. In 2021, when my first son turned 6 years old, the turn finally came. The certificate for the program amounted to just over a million, and the maternity capital for the second child was 453,000 rubles. It turned out to be 1,497,000 rubles.

At the same time, I had to fight a little with the bureaucracy. My second child was born in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, and I received a certificate for maternity capital there. And then we moved and decided to use the certificate in the Tyumen region. Therefore, I wrote an application for the disposal of maternal capital funds and sent it to the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The regional Pension Fund reviewed the application, allowed the use of maternity capital funds and transferred them to the Tyumen Pension Fund.

An application for disposal may be refused in the following cases:

1. termination of the right to additional measures of state support; 2. violation of the established procedure for filing an application for disposal; 3. indications in the application for direction of the use of maternity capital funds not provided for by Federal Law; 4. indications in the application for the disposal of an amount or its parts in the aggregate exceeding the full amount of maternity capital funds, which the person who submitted the application for disposal has the right to dispose of; 5. restrictions of persons in parental rights in relation to a child, with the birth of which the right to additional measures of state support arose, on the date of the decision on the application for disposition filed by the specified person (until the restrictions on parental rights are lifted in the prescribed manner); 6. removal of a child, in connection with whose birth the right to additional measures of state support arose, in the manner prescribed by the Family Code of the Russian Federation (for the period of removal of the child); 7. if housing purchased using mat capital funds is recognized as unsafe or the apartment building is subject to demolition or reconstruction.

Save for retirement

Maternity capital can be used to form a funded pension for the mother - all or only part. The amount is transferred to the woman’s individual savings account. When she reaches retirement age, she will be able to use the money. Or the husband or child will receive them if the mother passes away. Other relatives are not entitled to these savings.

Mom decides where to keep the money. You can leave them in the State Pension Fund, or transfer them to a non-state pension fund. If the mother decides to keep money in a non-state pension fund, then she must write an application to the Pension Fund to transfer to the selected non-state pension fund, and the Pension Fund will transfer the maternity capital or part of it there. If you change your mind, you can transfer the money back at any time before the pension is assigned.

Sample application for transfer from Pension Fund to Non-State Pension Fund

Sample application for transfer from Pension Fund to Non-State Pension Fund

Sample application for transfer from Pension Fund to Non-State Pension Fund

Sample application for transfer from Pension Fund to Non-State Pension Fund

The mother herself chooses how to receive a funded pension from maternity capital:

• As an increase to your pension .
  The increase is calculated based on the survival period - in 2021 it is 258 months. The amount of maternity capital is divided by 258, and every month the resulting result is added to the pension. They pay for life.
• Equal parts .
  Matkapital is paid in equal installments every month. The minimum term is 10 years, the mother can set a term longer, but not less. How much will be paid per month depends on the amount of maternity capital. For example, the mother allocated the entire amount - 616,617 rubles - to a funded pension and ordered it to be paid over 10 years. Every month she will receive 5,138 rubles in addition to her pension.
• One-time payment .
  Matkapital can be received immediately in the entire amount after retirement, if the amount of the funded pension is less than 5% of the old-age labor pension. Usually the cumulative amount of maternity capital is more than 5%, so this option does not always work.

Matkapital for a funded pension is an investment. You can calculate approximately what increase in pension a woman will receive if she sends maternity capital for this purpose.

How to calculate approximate income.

For example, a 20-year-old woman gave birth to her first child in 2021. She decided to direct the entire maternity capital - 466,617 rubles - to a funded pension in a non-state pension fund. The mother will retire in 2060, and for 40 years the money will be invested in the company she chooses. The average yield of the selected non-state pension fund is 11%. The amount of savings after 40 years will be: 466,617 ₽ * (1+11%)40 = 30,330,478 ₽

Payments will be calculated from this amount:

• The monthly increase
  will be RUB 30,330,478/258 months = RUB 117,560.
• In equal parts
  over 10 years - 30,330,478 ₽/120 months = 252,754 ₽.

The calculation will be approximate, since the profitability of NPFs is different every year. You can find out the rating of NPFs on the website of the rating agency “Expert RA” or the National Rating Agency.

Select NPF

Before the pension is assigned, you can change the goal at any time and redirect the money to something else, for example, to educate your children. To do this, you need to submit an application to the territorial pension fund to refuse to send funds.

Sample application for refusal to send funds

Sample application for refusal to send funds

Sample application for refusal to send funds

Sample application for refusal to send funds

For adaptation of disabled children

Maternity capital can be used to purchase goods and services that help disabled children live in society. The Order of the Government of the Russian Federation defines a list of goods and services for adaptation. There are only 48 of them. You can buy wheelchairs, lifts, special baths and reading devices, but you cannot pay for therapy, diapers or medicine. The only available service on the list is the help of a reader-secretary. The list does not include nannies and nurses.

The money cannot be received immediately - first, the parents buy the goods themselves, and then send an application for payment and a report on expenses to the Pension Fund, and the Pension Fund transfers compensation to the mother’s account within 40 working days after submitting the application.

What to do before submitting an application to the Pension Fund:

Pass a medical and social examination.

The hospital where the child is being seen will issue a referral for an examination. With him, the parents go to the medical and social examination institution and write a statement that, for medical reasons, the child needs specific goods. The application must be accompanied by a referral, birth certificate or passport of the child, SNILS, certificate of disability, individual adaptation program for a disabled child (IPRA, it is developed at the medical and social examination institution), medical documents (outpatient card, extracts from medical institutions ).

The application will be reviewed and a conclusion will be issued that the goods are really needed. The application must be attached to the package of documents to the Pension Fund for payment of compensation.

The individual rehabilitation program must be valid on the date of purchase of goods or services. Otherwise, you will not be able to receive compensation from maternity capital.

Receive an inspection report from the social security authority.

It is compiled by a social security employee - you need to leave an application with social security, within five days after the application, an employee will come to your home, check whether the goods were actually purchased, and draw up an inspection report. It must be attached to the documents for the issuance of maternity capital.

Receive monthly payments

You can receive monthly payments from maternity capital if the family has a difficult financial situation. In this case, the maternity capital will decrease by the amount of payments, and annual indexation will be done on the balance. The amount of payments depends on the region, for example, in Moscow it is 15,225 rubles, and in the Leningrad region - 10,379 rubles.

If an application for payments is submitted within six months after the birth of a child, then payments will be made for all months before the application, if later - from the moment the application is submitted. The money will be transferred to the mother’s card until the child turns three years old (previously - 1.5 years). There is no need to report expenses.

If you received monthly payments according to the old rules - until the child was 1.5 years old - you need to write an application to the Pension Fund for the resumption of payments from maternity capital - the money will begin to be transferred from the date of submission of the application.

Payments will be assigned if all conditions are met:

• monthly income for each family member is less than two subsistence levels in the region;
• the child was born no earlier than 2021;
• The baby is not yet 3 years old.

Income is wages, pensions, benefits, scholarships, and allowances. One-time financial assistance from the state, for example payments to flood victims, is not counted as income. Amounts are taken before taxes.

The minimum cost of living in your region can be found in the Pension Fund of your city or viewed on the official website.

How to calculate income per family member:

add up all family income for the last 12 months and divide the amount by 12 and the number of people in the family. If the amount is less than two regional subsistence minimums, you can make monthly payments from maternity capital.

For example, there are 4 people in a family - a mother, a father and two children. They live in Yeniseisk. The cost of living in the Krasnoyarsk Territory at the beginning of 2021 is 13,425 ₽, double - 26,850 ₽.

Family income for the year is 540,000 rubles.

540,000 ₽/12/4 = 11,250 ₽ - income for each family member.

This is less than two subsistence minimums; the mother can apply to the Pension Fund for monthly payments from maternity capital.

You can calculate the amount of monthly payments using an online calculator.

For the 3rd child

In most regions of the country, assistance is provided to families with the status of large families:

When is maternity capital issued?

There are rules for receiving money: you can apply for payment of maternity capital only when the baby turns three years old. Immediately after the birth of a child, you can receive money only for certain purposes.

Legislation

The method described below for raising the birth rate in Moscow is an alternative to federal maternity capital.
The capital region does not lack workers and population. The local social program is aimed at supporting young parents. Social support for families with children registered in the Russian capital is provided on the basis of the following regulations:

1. Law No. 60 of November 23, 2005. The document describes benefits paid to certain groups of citizens;
2. Resolutions of the Moscow government: No. 199-PP dated 04/06/04, describing the methodology for assigning a lump sum payment associated with the birth of a newborn;
3. approving the PM value for each group of metropolitan residents (adopted quarterly at the end of the period).

Download for viewing and printing:
Moscow City Law No. 60 “On social support for families with children in the city of Moscow”

Decree of the Moscow Government No. 199-PP “On the Procedure for assigning payment of an additional one-time benefit in connection with the birth of a child to young families”

Hint: metropolitan mothers and fathers can claim 453,026.0 rubles. federal maternity capital after the birth of the second baby (from 01/01/07), like the rest of the country’s population.

How much can you get

Maternal capital for first-born children is issued only for children born after January 1, 2021. If the first child was born on December 31, 2021, the mother does not have the right to maternity capital - this is the law.

Maternity capital for the first child - 466,617 ₽. For the second and subsequent ones more - 616,617 ₽. For example, the first child was born in the family on January 15, 2021. The mother will receive maternity capital of 466,617 ₽. If she already had a child and did not receive maternity capital before, then she is entitled to 616,617 rubles.

The amount of maternity capital does not increase if twins or triplets are born in the family. One child is recognized as the firstborn, the other as the second born. In this case, the capital will be 616,617 ₽.

The mother has the right to maternity capital; if the first child has died, the documents for the certificate will need to be accompanied by a birth certificate of the deceased child. Then, at the birth of the second child, the amount of maternity capital will be maximum - 616,617 rubles. It happens that a child dies in the maternity hospital and there is no birth certificate, only a registration certificate. In this case, you won’t be able to get maternity capital; you just need a birth certificate.

Adopted children are considered equal to their own children. If a family adopts a child, the mother can receive maternity capital - if this is the first child, then 466,617 rubles, if the second or third - 616,617 rubles. There is a nuance: maternity capital is not provided for the adoption of a husband’s or wife’s children (stepchildren).

How to obtain a certificate

You can apply for a certificate for maternal capital at any time, even if the child is already 10 years old - the law does not limit the submission period. The place of registration is also not important - at the place of birth of the child, at the place of permanent or temporary residence.

From April 15, 2021, the certificate is issued automatically at the birth of a child. The electronic certificate will be located in the mother’s personal account on the website of the Pension Fund or State Services. You do not need to print it out to confirm your right to maternity capital - the number and details of the owner will be in the Pension Fund database.

Families with adopted children do not automatically receive a certificate; they will need to write an application to the Pension Fund for the issuance of a certificate.

The Pension Fund will notify you of the decision one day after receiving the application and will issue a certificate within 15 days. From 2021, certificates will be issued within five days, as stated in the law.

Is it possible to legally cash out regional mat capital in Moscow?

The rules for using the certificate are the same for the capital and settlements with regional status. These rules do not allow turning regional capital into real money.

In other words, funds secured by the certificate can only be spent on needs established by law. Redirection of funds is carried out by bank transfer.

You can transfer money to the following accounts:

• banking institutions;
• sellers of apartments and houses;
• construction organizations;
• medical, preventive, educational institutions.

Transfers in other areas provided for by law are allowed. All other transactions are considered criminal: both the owners of the certificate and the initiators of illegal cash withdrawal are held accountable for their implementation.