On January 15, at the Gaidar Forum, Deputy Prime Minister Tatyana Golikova announced new measures on preferential mortgages for families with children. Among the most important points: the period of preferential interest rates will be increased or even extended for the entire loan period. How the new support schemes will work will become clear by the end of 2021 - this is the period for which the president extended maternity capital payments by decree. The government estimates that these measures will help more than 1.6 million families with children. So the state was not mistaken in its forecasts: some kind of incentive appeared for the parents, but the maternity payments themselves never cease to tempt dishonest businessmen. Izvestia understood the problems and prospects of maternity capital.
What can you spend maternity capital on in 2021?
First, let us recall the main points regarding obtaining maternity capital. This type of state assistance is provided to those families in which a second child was born (born or adopted). There are several ways to use these tools, we will talk about them a little later. The vast majority of families prefer to spend the allowance on improving their living conditions, including purchasing an apartment in a new building using maternity capital.
Maternity capital is not provided for the third child. In this regard, nothing has changed in Russia in 2021. You can receive state assistance in the form of maternity capital once. It is up to the parents to decide whether to do this after the birth of their second or third child. The state mainly takes care of families with three or more children by providing various benefits.
Underwater rocks
The government announced an increase in maternity capital
Observant Internet users share their opinions: supposedly some mothers deliberately give birth to children for the sake of maternal capital. Take a closer look: there they are, wandering around the playground - twos, threes... They even came up with a term for such kids - “mortgage children.”
From these stories one thing is clear: the legal literacy of the population is still in a deplorable state, because maternity capital is issued only once. The trick “when I give birth to a second child, I will open a mortgage, and when I give birth to a third child, I will close it with the help of a second maternity capital” will not work in real life. However, there is light at the end of the tunnel. Among the new measures announced by the government to support families with children is this: the creditor bank will be reimbursed at a time for part of the losses (10% of the debt, but not more than 450 thousand rubles), if it is ready to write off the mortgage debt to the family in which the third was born child. The prospect is tempting, and, as Deputy Prime Minister Tatyana Golikova explains, the innovations have already been agreed upon with everyone in the government. Nevertheless, there are plenty of problems with legal awareness.
It was proposed to increase maternity capital for the Far East by 30%
“We don’t educate people very well. Even on the topic of how difficult it will be later, for example, to improve living conditions using the apartment on which maternal capital was spent,” says realtor Alina Stepanova.
There is one very important nuance here. Parents (or one parent) are required to register a share in the apartment for their children. When selling this home, you will have to ask permission from the guardianship authorities. By law, children must also have their own shares in new housing.
“They come and say: we want to expand, sell the one-room apartment, even if it’s still mortgaged, and take more. But no. Because children must be given property at the same time, right when the apartment is sold, already in a new home. And here the bank no longer wants to make children borrowers. How can I claim this apartment back later? The bank does not need this at all. I have two such deals now. We are acting progressively, we hope that the bank will agree,” complains Stepanova.
matcap
Photo: RIA Novosti/Alexey Sukhorukov
However, it is a mistake to believe that a bank that has approved such a deal will stand on ceremony in a bad scenario, says Konstantin Shibetsky, director of the mortgage department of a construction company.
“People who work at 60–65 years old are competitive in the labor market”
Head of the Ministry of Labor Maxim Topilin - on raising the retirement age and reducing the time frame for receiving maternity capital
“For some reason, some people think that if children are endowed with property, a kind of shield is obtained; in case of non-payment of the loan, the bank will not be able to sell the apartment at auction, if it comes to that. But this is an illusion, says the expert. — The bank will evict you. Easily".
However, credit institutions are reluctant to undertake this procedure when there are no other options.
“Banks resort to such procedures extremely rarely when it is not possible to find other solutions that would allow the borrower to fulfill their obligations in good faith. That is why it is important to remember that a mortgage loan is, first of all, a big responsibility, and each borrower, both with and without a state certificate for maternity capital, must assess their financial capabilities and calculate the load,” recalls the head of the product department and mortgage bank analysts Elena Shtyreva.
By the way, families with children and a mortgage have another problem that may be able to be solved in the near future: the refinancing service in the case of maternal capital participation is not available. Bye. On January 16, it became known that the Association of Banks of Russia applied to the State Duma with a proposal to revise the procedure for registering shared ownership of children. Bankers propose to allocate property after full repayment of the loan, including when refinancing it, which will significantly make life easier for families who took out mortgages at high interest rates, Prime clarifies. Deputies will consider the bill in the first reading in February.
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Photo: TASS/Vedomosti/Evgeniy Razumny
Where is it profitable to buy housing? According to Alina Stepanova, mortgages with the participation of maternal capital are often taken out in the capital (as a down payment or to pay off an old mortgage loan), but the benefits are mainly felt in the regions. “Somewhere in the vastness of Siberia this could be a lot of money, a third of two kopecks,” she says.
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You can buy a whole house or successfully close the mortgage “tail” remaining before the birth of the child. The main thing is, no matter how you decide to use the legal 453,026 “maternal” rubles, remember the risks. Banks definitely don’t forget about them.
“It is important that when using maternity capital as a down payment, at least 5% of the contribution amount must be the borrower’s own funds. For a bank, such a requirement is also due to the need for an additional guarantee of the client’s solvency,” says Elena Shtyreva.
Maternity capital in 2021
In 2021, the Government actively discussed the future of maternity capital. It was decided to extend the program until the end of 2021. As for the indexation of maternity capital, everything remains the same. That is, there will be no indexing yet.
Maternity capital allows you to pay a significant part of the cost of a budget apartment in the New Ramensky residential complex in the Moscow region.
Let us recall that in 2021 it was decided to freeze the amount of maternity capital until the beginning of 2021. Therefore, the amount of assistance in 2021 remains the same as in 2021: 453,026 rubles. This amount should be indexed only in 2021.
In the first half of 2021, information appeared in the media that the Government was going to make a decision on an additional payment of 250,000 rubles to maternity capital for a second child. This information was not confirmed, but became the reason for the emergence of unfounded rumors.
Thus, maternity capital is still paid in 2021, and its amount has remained unchanged. But you need to keep in mind that some changes have been made to the law.
Changes in the law on maternity capital - monthly payments from maternity capital
Maternity capital for 2 children has undergone changes in 2021. The latest news concerns a new way to obtain it. From January 1, 2021, monthly payments from maternity capital will be introduced. Parents who:
- second child born or adopted in 2021;
- the per capita income in the family does not exceed one and a half subsistence minimums;
- live on the territory of the Russian Federation and are citizens of the Russian Federation.
The amount of the payment depends on the region, or rather, the level of the child’s subsistence level established in the region and the date of application for government assistance. When applying for benefits, look at what the cost of living for children was in your region last year in the 2nd quarter. This will be the expected amount of payment from maternity capital in 2021.
Payments will be made until the child turns one and a half years old.
Improving family living conditions
Can be sent to:
— purchase or construction of new housing (apartment or residential building)
- expansion of existing living space
Question answer
How to pay for a loan with maternity capital?
- payment of the down payment of a loan or loan, including a mortgage
— repayment of payments under the agreement of participation in shared construction (DDU)
— payment of entrance and share fees under the agreement of participation in cooperative construction
- compensation for construction (reconstruction) costs, but not for repairs
— repayment of principal and interest on debt obligations.
Condition: According to government decree No. 862 of December 12, 2007, purchased, built or reconstructed housing must be registered as common shared ownership (i.e., its owners must be the owner of the certificate, his spouse and each of the children in the family). In addition, housing must be on Russian territory.
What can you spend maternity capital on in 2021?
Maternity capital can be spent on:
- improvement of living conditions (including purchasing an apartment);
- teaching children;
- adaptation of disabled children in society;
- formation of a funded pension contribution.
The most attractive option for using maternity capital is improving housing conditions. Sometimes families do not use the entire amount of maternity capital. The remainder is best used as a contribution to a retirement savings account.
The Government does not plan to add new opportunities for using maternity capital in 2021.
Will maternity capital be extended after 2021?
The Government does not currently plan to cancel maternity capital after 2021. But reform of the program is very likely. The goal of reforms should be to direct government assistance to regions with the worst demographic situation. In addition, there is a possibility that the circle of people receiving benefits will be narrowed.
This does not mean that those who are entitled to maternity capital by law in 2021 will not be able to receive it later. It will be possible to apply for a maternity capital certificate after 2018. Payment under the certificate can also be received even if the program is completed. Moreover, it is quite possible that the amount of payment, including for issued certificates, will increase significantly if indexation is carried out in 2021.
Can they refuse to issue a certificate?
Information about maternity capital and possible reasons for refusing to issue an applicant a certificate for a federal MK is given in Part 6 of Art. 5 256-FZ. In accordance with its provisions, the provision of maternity capital may be refused if:
- the applicant does not have the right to receive MK, for example, the second child was born before January 1, 2007;
- the applicant’s right to receive MK has ceased, for example, the mother was deprived of parental rights in relation to a child who is entitled to state support;
- the applicant provided false information, for example, about the order of birth or adoption, about the citizenship of the child for whom he is asking to issue an MK;
- the applicant has already used the requested MK in full.
