A technical passport is a document containing all the technical information and characteristics of the apartment. It is issued by the BTI (technical inventory bureau).
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It contains information about the years of construction and the last major renovation of the building, the decoration of the premises, the number of rooms, area, description of the balcony or loggia, and more.
The technical passport describes the condition of the apartment and its estimated value for the current year. This document is the basis for all transactions and changes related to housing (renting, redevelopment, sale, privatization, donation).
Basic provisions of the technical passport
There are technical passports of two options: for buildings and structures. The apartment passport refers to the second option. There are also technical certificates for non-residential premises, houses, cottages and other premises and buildings that have technical characteristics and features as real estate objects.
Such a document is made during the first inventory, when the house has just been put into operation. It is issued by the owner of the apartment upon purchase. The developer is not responsible for this. The developer is responsible only for the general condition of the building as a whole, and not for an individual apartment. If the apartment is for sale, then the seller, not the buyer, is responsible for issuing the passport. The remaining nuances during the sale are decided between the parties.
Information specified in the passport:
- floor plan (floor by floor);
- primary housing price;
- materials that were used to build the walls;
- description and main characteristics of the house foundation, coatings;
- year of construction;
- year of repair (not cosmetic);
- square;
- address and city;
- floor;
- changes in layout;
- description of the location of balconies and loggias;
- number of rooms in the apartment, layout.
The passport is prepared on the basis of the technical plan. The plan is submitted to the BTI, where technical and cadastral passports are issued. There are significant differences between these documents.
technical passport
Duty and verification
As noted above, the issuance of a registration certificate for an apartment is paid. The amount of the state fee for registration depends on the region in which the residential building is located, the period of issue, and the individual or legal entity submitting the request.
As for the presence of this document when selling real estate, issues of re-registration are dealt with by the owner, not the buyer. At the same time, the owner needs to be prepared for the fact that a competent buyer will check all the information specified in the purchase and sale agreement, the validity period of all papers, with the information in the technical passport. And if they do not comply, the deal, of course, will not take place.
Moreover, if there was an unauthorized redevelopment of the apartment, or any premises were completed, which is especially important for owners of first-floor apartments, in addition to re-issuing documents, you will also have to pay a fine to the BTI authorities. In any case, selling real estate without putting all documents in order will be impossible.
Why do you need a housing registration certificate?
Basically, a passport is required if the owner intends to conduct any transactions with housing. It is advisable to update it before the transaction in order to avoid various problems, for example, with new owners, as well as update the current characteristics of the premises, and find out the optimal market value.
A passport for an apartment is required if:
- you need to determine the market price of housing to obtain a mortgage (the bank may need it);
- it is necessary to establish the amount of tax on the premises (the tax is calculated from the inventory value, which is several times less than the market value);
- an alienation transaction is made (purchase and sale, rental, donation);
- the owner registers someone in the apartment (not in all cases);
- redevelopment is planned (all changes, even minor ones, are included in the technical passport);
- an inheritance is registered (even if the owner of the apartment is alive or not);
- home insurance is provided;
- technical examination is carried out;
- payment for utilities is determined (establishment of area for housing and communal services);
- a part is allocated when dividing an apartment (for example, during a divorce or dividing an inheritance without a will);
- you need to obtain a cadastral passport (not always, since most often a cadastral passport is issued on the basis of a technical plan, but such cases sometimes occur);
- It is planned to convert residential premises into non-residential premises (office, company, store, salon).
A technical passport is required in cases where it is necessary to legalize the redevelopment of an apartment. You can find out what other documents are needed to redevelop an apartment in our new article. The technical passport is also included in the package of documentation submitted by citizens when transferring premises to the non-residential category. How to convert residential premises into non-residential premises - read the link.
Why is it needed?
Despite the fact that recently, when registering transactions, only cadastral documents are increasingly required, a technical passport for the apartment and the presence of a technical plan are also necessary. Banking systems still require the presentation of these documents, and buyers are also interested in all documents when purchasing. The registration certificate is important because it contains data on the area of the housing, its inventory value, the year the house was built, the date of the last major renovation, the address where the house is located, the material from which the house is built, what communications it has.
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A technical passport for an apartment, the validity period of which must meet all requirements, will be necessary for:
- obtaining a cadastral passport;
- purchasing living space with a mortgage;
- in some cases, to register citizens in an apartment;
- conducting examinations to assess the market value of housing;
- carrying out technical examinations;
- determination of utility bills;
- obtaining permission to redevelop living space.
Validity period of the technical passport for the apartment
The registration certificate does not have a specific validity period. Such a clause is not spelled out in the legislation at all. But based on the resolution of the Russian Federation, a planned inventory is carried out every five years. Accordingly, changes to the technical specifications are included in the document. Inventory can also be unscheduled. Technical documentation may also be changed and supplemented at this time. If housing technical conditions deteriorate, the market value falls.
Planned inventories are almost never carried out, so passports are issued and changed according to the needs of the owners. Most often, it is necessary when carrying out some transactions with an apartment (purchase and sale, privatization). That is, if you are not going to do anything with the apartment, but you don’t need to take an inventory at all and change any technical characteristics either, since if there are no changes, then there is no new technical information for the housing passport.
If the BTI issues a passport with a limited validity period, then such a document is considered illegal. For such actions, you can sue the institution.
Documents to be received
To obtain a technical passport, you need to submit the following package of documents to the BTI:
- passport (to confirm Russian citizenship, personal data, registration);
- confirmation that the citizen is the owner of the apartment (if not privatized housing, then bills from housing and communal services);
- to formalize the transfer of inheritance, you need the passport of the owner (possibly deceased), as well as the passport of the heir and a document confirming the transfer of rights;
- certificate No. 7 to privatize an apartment, a rental agreement, if the privatization of a communal room;
- documents for redevelopment are clarified in the BTI, since you first need to find out its type (an apartment awaiting redevelopment or unauthorized changes have already taken place), so the lists in these cases are different;
- in the case of an appeal not from the owner, but from an authorized person. You need a power of attorney and his passport;
- payment of state duty.
Help 7 – extracting technical information from the technical passport, which contains a more complete list of data.
Application documents
Separately, it is worth highlighting the documents that will be needed if you need to update the period for issuing a technical passport:
| Title of the document | Notes |
| Passport of the applicant (owner of the apartment) | Original and copy |
| Certificate of ownership of housing | For non-privatized housing, you need an extract from your personal account, which can be obtained from the housing and communal services agency |
| Original and copy of the owner's death certificate | When registering an inheritance |
| Lease agreement | For privatization of real estate when the house is owned by the municipality |
| Documents confirming the legality of the redevelopment | If it happened |
| Power of attorney executed by a notary | If another person acts on behalf of the owner |
Registration of a passport for an apartment
After collecting all the necessary documents, an application is filled out at the BTI. It indicates personal data and the purpose of receipt, on which the number of the form to be filled out depends.
If you are applying for a passport for the first time (a new house) or are planning to redevelop or sell an apartment, you must fill out an application in Form 4. It provides for a technician to come out and inspect your home and evaluate the technical component. Form 3 does not provide for the work of a technician. Such a statement is written in case of loss of a passport and a request for a duplicate.
The documents and application are collected by an employee of the institution. He checks their presence and compliance with the purpose of the design. The passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation remains with the owner of the apartment. Only the necessary data is written out from it. After this, a day is set when the person can come to the BTI again and pick up the completed apartment passport. If a technician is needed, a call date will be agreed upon. The technician inspects the room, takes measurements, describes everything according to the rules.
The BTI employee issues a receipt to the home owner stating that his documents have been received, they are in full and are suitable for obtaining a passport.
To carry out a number of legal actions, it is often necessary to submit a cadastral passport together with a technical passport. Why you need a cadastral passport for an apartment and how you can get it, read the thematic publication. A sample extract from the house register and the procedure for completing it is here.
The owner comes on the appointed day and picks up the completed documentation. You only need to take with you your passport and the receipt received from the BTI employee. After this, you can carry out any transactions for the apartment. A date is placed on the registration certificate, which indicates how much time has passed since registration.
Today in the Russian Federation there are new ways to apply for and obtain a registration certificate. They are designed for the convenience of both apartment owners and government agency employees (avoiding huge queues for registration).
BTI suggests submitting documents in the following forms:
- personally;
- by email;
- by mail;
- phone call;
- through a representative.
In turn, obtaining a technical passport is possible:
- personally;
- through a representative;
- by mail.
Where can I get it?
To obtain a technical passport or make changes to an existing one, you can contact the following organizations:
- BTI (Bureau of Technical Expertise). The service can be obtained by property owners, their representatives, and residents of municipal apartments. To prepare the document, just contact the department at the place of registration.
- MFC, but keep in mind that you will have to receive a completed passport 2-3 days later than at the BTI. The MFC acts as an intermediary between citizens and the BTI, where all documentation is sent.
- Licensed organizations with the right to provide such services. Applications can be accepted in the office or through the official website. After completing the application, the cadastral engineer will visit the apartment for measurements and draw up the document.
You can also order a technical passport through the State Services system. But for this you need to have a verified level account on the portal.
State duty
The BTI service for issuing technical passports is paid. You must pay a state fee. There is no specific cost for the preparation of such a document. Usually the price is from 900 rubles. It may vary depending on different circumstances.
Urgency of receipt plays an important role in determining the cost. Regular passport processing takes 14 days. In case of urgent registration, you can receive it within 7 days, but the state fee will be higher.
Payment takes place at the cash desk on the territory of the BTI or at any bank in Russia in all branches. A copy of the receipt is provided along with all documents, the original remains with the owner.
Checking the registration certificate
When you buy an apartment, the former owners (sellers) independently issue a registration certificate. Before signing a contract for the purchase and sale of housing, check all the information contained in the apartment passport. Very often, previous owners do not want to update the information in the registration certificate due to a possible decrease in the estimated value, as well as changes in the characteristics of the objects or illegal redevelopment of rooms. Sometimes the first floors are completed, balconies are lengthened, loggias are expanded.
For changing information in the technical passport (for example, footage of the premises, estimated value, etc.), you must pay a fine to the BTI. If the contract has already been signed and you have become the legal owner of the apartment, then the fine will have to be paid to you as the owner. The fine is at least 1,500 rubles. You will not be able to somehow challenge this even in court, since you have officially accepted the apartment with all its documents, and, accordingly, not only ownership rights, but also responsibilities.
The list of documents required for privatization of an apartment includes technical and cadastral passports; more detailed information can be obtained from the link. How to register in an apartment without the presence of the owner and what you need to do this, read here:
If the data sheet has never been updated with new information or characteristics, then it would be best to conduct a secondary inventory before signing the purchase and sale agreement. Then a new technical passport will be issued with the most accurate characteristics of the technical premises.
The difference between a technical passport and a cadastral passport
A cadastral passport is an extract obtained from the cadastral register. It contains information about the area, number of floors of the premises, layout, and a housing plan is attached.
It is needed in three cases:
- registration of transactions for an apartment (renting, will, purchase and sale, donation);
- registration of redevelopment;
- forced eviction from an apartment through the court (deprivation of registration).
The main difference between the technical and cadastral passport: the technical passport is the main document containing the technical characteristics of the living space. A cadastral passport is a secondary document that contains additional and complete information about the premises.
A cadastral document is issued on the basis of a technical passport or plan. Its validity period is officially fixed by law and is 5 years. If the apartment is involved in the transaction, and the cadastral passport is about to expire, it will need to be reissued. The technical passport does not have a set validity period, and during inventory it does not change, but is supplemented with new characteristics or changes.
The cadastral passport is issued not at the BTI, but at the Cadastral Chamber or the MFC. Another difference is that such a document can be obtained by anyone, not just the owner of the apartment.
The receipt period is also different - a cadastral passport can be obtained in 5 days, and not in 14, like a technical passport. Accordingly, the cost of the state fee for registration in the Cadastral Chamber is cheaper - 200 rubles .
As a result, the difference between a cadastral and technical passport is as follows (characteristics of passports, respectively):
- place of registration (Cadastral Chamber, MFC - BTI);
- processing time (5 days – 2 weeks);
- price (200 rubles – 900 rubles plus urgency);
- the importance of a passport (secondary document - main document);
- validity period (5 years - no specific period);
- the person who submits the application for registration (maybe even a stranger - only the owner of the property).
The technical passport is a necessary document for each apartment. It is especially necessary when carrying out any transactions. During the secondary inventory, the passport is supplemented with new information about the changes. The document must be drawn up at a government agency - BTI.
The cost is not regulated and depends on the urgency of registration. When purchasing an apartment, carefully read the registration certificate and check all the information. When purchasing new housing, technical documentation is drawn up by the owner, not the developer. But it should be taken into account that it is the developer company that issues the registration certificate for the entire house, and only then only the owner for his apartment.
When should you change?
Russian legislation does not establish a clear validity period for the registration certificate for an apartment. In accordance with the requirements of the BTI, it must be updated every five years. However, for failure to comply with this deadline, no fines are imposed on the property owner, so this rule is rarely observed and often only in cases of extreme necessity - when some transaction needs to be completed.
If there is no need to sell the living space, exchange it, or donate it, a repeat inventory at the BTI with the issuance of a new registration certificate may not be necessary, especially since this procedure is not free. But, if the owner wants to alter his apartment, carry out significant redevelopment or other changes in the design, he cannot do without contacting the BTI. After receiving permission for such work and after it has been carried out, you will need to call a commission to draw up a new technical plan and then receive a new technical passport.
If, when issuing a technical passport for an apartment, the BTI indicates its validity period, this is a gross violation of the law, and the property owner has the right to demand that another document be issued to him without this period.
