What benefits and benefits does a single mother receive in 2021?

The number of single-parent families in the Russian Federation is growing, and usually the mother remains the only breadwinner for children. For monetary assistance, she turns to the state to receive benefits and benefits that are established by law for single mothers.

How to obtain single mother status in 2021 is of interest to many women, since they have benefits in almost all areas of life. There is Federal Law No. 81 of May 19, 1995 “On state benefits for citizens with children”; it regulates the basic benefits and payments that parents, including single mothers, can apply for.

How does the state financially support single mothers?

It is impossible to find out what payments a single mother is entitled to from just one regulatory legal act (LLA).
“Preferential” and “compensatory” norms are contained in both federal, regional and local regulations. A single mother can count on support from the state:

• on a general basis (benefits and payments due to all mothers in Russia);
• according to additional criteria (if he confirms his preferential status: as a single mother, large or low-income family, etc.).

A single mother receives the main types of benefits at her place of work (maternity and child benefits). Here, the status of a single mother does not give special privileges - all women have equal rights to receive them.

To find out whether a single mother can count on additional state support, she should contact the local administration or social security authority at her place of residence.

Since 2021, social support for citizens is provided using criteria of need. The principle of “a little bit for all benefit categories” was replaced with targeted social support (only for citizens in real need). This approach is also applied when providing benefits and benefits to single mothers in 2021.

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How to get status?

In order to obtain single parent status, you must contact the organization responsible for providing a specific benefit. For example, to use labor or tax breaks, you must:

1. Prepare a set of documents ( your passport, birth certificate of the baby, paper confirming your right to receive benefits ).

The basis may be: the father’s death certificate, certificate of form No. 2 (formerly No. 25), a court decision on deprivation of parenting rights, his conviction, recognition as absent, or a certificate confirming that the ex-spouse is evading payment of alimony.

1. Contact the HR department (or accounting department) at your place of work.
2. Write an application indicating the type of benefit, the legislative basis for receiving it, your and your child’s details, and the date from which the relief is required to be established.
3. Attach the necessary documents.

To receive compensation and benefits, as well as various benefits of the non-labor plan, you will need to contact the local social protection authority, the MFC or the State Services website. Algorithm for performing steps to assign status in this area:

• Prepare a package of documents.

You will need, depending on the instructions of regional laws: the mother’s passport with a registration mark, a birth or adoption certificate of the baby, a certificate of form No. 2 (formerly No. 25), an extract about cohabitation with the child, a document confirming that the father has died or the marriage has been dissolved before the expiration of 300 days by the time the baby is born. Sometimes a copy of a work permit, a certificate of income, living conditions, absence of arrears in housing and communal services payments and other documents are requested.

• Make an appointment with the social protection authority or MFC.
• Fill out the application according to the established form. You can also submit it through the State Services portal.
• Present a package of documents.
• Wait for a decision ( up to 10 days from the date of application).

One of the main documents for registration of the status of a single mother is a certificate in form No. 2, established by Order of the Ministry of Justice No. 200 dated 01.10.18. It replaced form No. 25, approved by Order of the Ministry of Justice No. 144 of 10.08.17, after as a normative document ceased to be valid.

The certificate is issued simultaneously with the issuance of a birth certificate after applying to the civil registry office at the place of residence of the mother or the place of birth of the child. It is also permissible to submit a petition through the MFC or State Services. To obtain a certificate in form No. 2, you must send an application no later than one month from the date of birth (clause 6, article 16 of Law No. 143-FZ of October 22, 1997)

Papers required to purchase a document:

• Mom's ID.
• Document in form No. 103/u , issued by a medical institution and confirming the birth of the baby (can be replaced by a court decision or witness testimony proving this fact).
• An act recording the death of a spouse or divorce more than 300 days before the birth of a newborn (if this took place).
• Application from the mother for the issuance of certificate No. 2 and the entry of information about the father from her words.

In some cases, the mother's application to be recognized as a single parent will be rejected . The reasons depend on the scope of the benefit (labor, social, etc.). This can be done by:

1. Presence of a registered marriage at the time of the birth of the baby.
2. A court decision to identify the father, as well as a statement from both parents recognizing this fact.
3. Divorce or death of a spouse before 300 days before the birth of the newborn.
4. Availability of official paternity in the absence of assistance from a parent (for social and tax benefits).

Also, the status will not be assigned if the mother applied with an incomplete set of documents, provided false or inaccurate data, or the child is older than the legal age.

Maternity payments and child benefits for a single mother

What payments are due to a single mother in 2021 under federal law? The types of benefits to which she is entitled (on a common basis with other citizens with children) are listed in Art. 3 of the Law “On State Benefits for Citizens with Children” dated May 19, 1995 No. 81-FZ.

The figure below shows the types of benefits for all expectant mothers (before the birth of the child) and after the birth of the baby:

The amount of benefit for a single mother in 2021 depends on her average earnings over the previous two years or on the minimum wage. To receive benefits you need to contact your employer. He will transfer the necessary documents and information to the FSS, which will pay the money. A non-working mother should contact the social security authorities for benefits.

We tell you more about what benefits each mother is entitled to at the birth of children in the materials of the section “Children’s benefits in 2021 - 2021 (amount, required documents)”.

Find out about the nuances of assigning, calculating and paying maternity benefits from the articles in our special section.

We will tell you further what other advantages, privileges, compensations and benefits exist for single mothers in 2021.

Grounds for recognizing the status of a single mother

In social security for single parents, specific criteria and conditions are used to assign preferential status. The determination principle is as follows:

The special status of a single mother is documented. For example, when registering a newborn, the registry office issues the mother a certificate in form No. 25, which confirms the status of a single mother. This document allows single mothers to receive additional child benefits in 2021, but please note that the form is issued if there is a dash in the “Father” column or the information is written down from the mother’s words.

Free dairy kitchen: how accessible is it for a single mother?

The opportunity to receive free dairy products at the dairy kitchen is one of the social support measures. Not everyone can enjoy this privilege. The list of persons, standards for issuing special food, as well as the list of organizations supplying dairy products for dairy kitchens are determined by local authorities.

Recipients of special food usually include children from large and low-income families, bottle-fed babies, disabled children and other categories of people in need. Local authorities can also grant pregnant and nursing mothers the right to receive special food.

If a single mother in her region of residence falls into these categories, she must not only confirm her right to special food (for example, document the status of a low-income family), but also regularly update her prescription at the medical institution where the baby is registered.

Thus, not all single mothers can count on free food in a dairy kitchen, and the process of obtaining the right to a dairy kitchen is quite labor-intensive. But there are also many benefits from receiving such government support: children receive high-quality, varied and fresh food, and mothers can use the saved funds for other priority needs for the child.

Advantages of obtaining status

Acquiring the status of a single parent greatly simplifies the life of a mother raising her children (child) on her own. It gives the right to receive various benefits, benefits, compensation and other assistance, which greatly simplifies the maintenance of a daughter/son. In particular, the advantages of this situation are:

1. The opportunity to improve the financial condition of the family through various monthly and one-time benefits.
2. Receiving compensation for utility bills, visiting preschool educational institutions, clubs, and cultural institutions.
3. The possibility of adopting a child by a new spouse without going through the procedure of refusal of the biological father.
4. Providing a place in a preschool educational institution in a special manner.
5. Obtaining the right to reject employers' requests to go on business trips, work at night and overtime, and thus be able to spend more time with the child.
6. Reducing the tax burden.
7. The right to travel with the child, including traveling abroad, freely, without the consent of the father;
8. No obligation of the child to support the biological father in the future.

Advantages of a single mother when registering a child for kindergarten

What benefit does a single mother receive when her child enters a preschool institution?

A single mother has the right to count on priority enrollment of her child in the group. To resolve this issue, you must contact the administration of the preschool institution directly. The status of a single mother allows you to speed up the process of getting your child into kindergarten if there are no other preferential applicants (for example, children from large or low-income families). If there is also a queue among beneficiaries, it will not be possible to “jump” over it.

A single mother can also count on compensation for part of the monthly parental payment (clause 5 of Article 65 of the Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” dated December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ).

The amount of such compensation is established by regional authorities taking into account the criterion of need, but not less than:

• 20% of the SRRP (average parental payment) - for the first child;
• 50% of the SRRP for the second child;
• 70% of the SRRP is for the third and subsequent children.

A single mother will not be able to use the above privileges if we are talking about a commercial kindergarten. Only state, municipal or departmental preschool institutions can reduce parental fees.

Thus, in 2021, child benefits for a single mother sending her child to kindergarten are not provided for by law. But this category of mothers can count on certain privileges.

Negative aspects in acquiring status

Despite all the positive aspects of acquiring status, after it is assigned, negative consequences are also possible. Negative situations that may follow after recognition as a single parent:

• The obligation to provide for the baby independently, including all possible financial costs for food, clothing, education, medical procedures and treatment.
• Inability to petition the court to establish alimony. Payment of child support from the father will follow only after he is recognized as a parent, which will entail the removal of the status of a single mother and all assigned benefits and allowances.
• There is no chance of receiving the inheritance left from dad in the future. This will become possible only after an examination to establish kinship, a court decision, or a will of the parent himself.
• The inability to force the father to raise the child.

Before registering the status of a single parent caring for a baby, the mother needs to weigh the pros and cons of such an event. Perhaps going to court to determine paternity will be more beneficial for both her and the newborn.

Do you consider all the disadvantages listed above to be a sufficient reason not to receive the status of a single mother?

Yes

24.03%

No

75.97%

Voted: 283

The child went to school: what kind of government support can a single mother count on?

When a child goes to school, the mother has more costly tasks: where can she get additional funds to buy a school uniform, can her child eat in the school canteen for free, and what kind of benefit can a single mother receive in 2021 in connection with such expenses?

Federal legislation does not provide for special monthly “school” benefits for a single mother in 2021, which will help her provide decent support for her child while studying. We can only count on the support of local authorities.

Municipalities define the categories of those in need in different ways (usually large and low-income families, sometimes single mothers), and also set the amounts of benefits and compensation in their own way based on budgetary capabilities.

Funds are allocated:

• for the purchase of stationery and other school supplies;
• two hot meals a day for children in school canteens;
• partial compensation of tuition fees in art and music schools (up to 30%);
• discounted vacation vouchers (once every 2 years);
• other benefits and compensation.

Regional regulations for single mothers may provide one-time cash payments for the purchase of school clothes, sports uniforms, or provide the opportunity to purchase these items in discount stores. In some regions, authorities pay for travel and meals for schoolchildren.

Additional support for single mothers

In addition to child benefits for single mothers, the state also provides support in other, non-material forms. For example, the group of social benefits and compensations includes:

• Places in kindergarten. A single mother has the right to priority enrollment of her child in the group, as well as a reduction in parental fees;
• Help in treatment . The state is ready to help with the purchase of medications - to pay their cost in full or in part, to provide the services of a massage therapist at the children's clinic;

The remaining benefits do not directly depend on the woman’s status, but are available to low-income families. If, due to low income, a single mother and child fall into this category, they may qualify for some more incentives:

• Subsidy for utilities . Expressed as a percentage by which the monthly payment for housing and communal services is reduced. Guaranteed for families whose utility costs exceed the established norm;
• Free dairy kitchen . A family recognized as needy receives high-quality and varied special food.

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Separately, it is worth highlighting a double tax deduction - this compensation is provided specifically for a single parent. You can save 2,800 rubles on tax monthly if a single person is raising one or two children, and 6,000 rubles if you have three.

Preferential use of the pool for children with one parent

In order to preserve and strengthen the health of children, regional and municipal authorities may provide preferential conditions when paying for the cost of physical education, health and sports services. But only in the case when these services are provided by institutions that are part of the state system of physical education and sports.

For example, such benefits are provided for in paragraph 7 of Art. 32 of the Law “On Social Support for Families with Children in the City of Moscow” dated November 23, 2005 No. 60. You can find out about the benefits provided in the field of physical education and sports on the official websites of sports institutions - on the website of the Moscow Department of Sports in the section “Preferential Services”, preferential benefits are listed categories of citizens who have the opportunity to receive physical education, health and sports services at the Olympic Village sports complex (use of swimming pools and a gym, visits to children's swimming sections). Beneficiaries include children from large and low-income families, orphans and disabled children. To obtain subscriptions on preferential terms, you must contact the administration of the sports complex with documents.

Labor benefits

Since a single mother is a priori the only breadwinner in the family, the Labor Code of the Russian Federation reserves special rights and benefits for her (by the way, these also apply to single fathers):

• A single parent who is raising a child under 14 years of age cannot be laid off, fired when there is a change in management, or deprived of a position due to disciplinary sanctions;
• In the event of bankruptcy or liquidation of the organization, the single parent must be provided with another place of employment. Responsibility for this lies with the hiring organization that is about to lay off its employee;
• All parents pay for caring for a sick child. At the same time, the amount of benefit for a single mother depends on the type of treatment. If a child requires hospital stay, payments will be determined by length of service. For outpatient treatment, the benefit is paid in full for the first 10 days, then half;
• For parents with children under 7 years of age, sick leave is paid without restrictions, with children older - the first 15 days are paid;
• A single parent has the right to take leave at his own expense at any time. The maximum duration of such leave is 14 days;
• A single parent with a child under 5 years of age cannot be required to work on weekends and holidays, overtime or night work;
• A mother raising a child under 14 years of age has the right to switch to part-time work at any time.

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Single mothers also have preferences when they get a job. The fact is that employers cannot refuse to hire them due to the presence of minor children. And if the candidacy is nevertheless rejected, single mothers must clearly explain the reason for the refusal.

Travel reimbursement and free entry to the zoo

Are there benefits for single mothers in 2021 to reduce travel costs and expenses for cultural events for their children?

Taking children to the zoo and not worrying about paying for travel on city public transport - such benefits can be enjoyed, for example, by capital families with children (Article 26 of the Law “On Social Support for Families with Children in the City of Moscow” dated November 23, 2005 No. 60). Children living with one parent are not included in a separate category of beneficiaries, but enjoy the same privileges.

Children with Moscow registration who have not reached the age of 7 years have the right to:

• for free travel on buses, trolleybuses and trams (public urban passenger transport);
• free entry to zoos, cultural and recreational parks, exhibition halls and museums run by the capital’s government.

Benefits do not apply if the child is visiting a private museum or using other means of transport (for example, private taxis or commercial shuttle buses).

If a single mother lives in a small locality, she will not need this kind of benefits - the village may not have public transport, much less a zoo.

Benefits and allowances for a mother of many children

In the Russian Federation, a mother who raises three or more children who have not reached adulthood is recognized as having many children. To be considered single, such a woman must give birth to each child out of wedlock. This is an important nuance: if a mother with many children gave birth to at least one of three (or more) children while in a marital relationship, she will not receive a “preferential” status.

Basically, single mothers with many children receive the same payments as single mothers. The amounts vary - those with many children are entitled to more support. What specific benefits are we talking about:

• Permanent. Paid until the youngest child reaches adulthood. The size of the payment depends on the region - for example, in Moscow, mothers are paid 1,315 rubles to compensate for the rising cost of living.
• Temporary. If a mother of many children does not work, the payment is 7,082.85 rubles , if she is on maternity leave - 40% of the salary, but less than the base amount. This benefit is paid until the child turns 1.5 years old;

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In addition to all-Russian benefits and allowances, single mothers are encouraged with one-time payments in the regions. In Moscow the rates are as follows:

• Benefit. It is paid once for the third and subsequent children in the amount of 14,500 rubles, and for triplets - 50,000 rubles at once;
• Compensation. Rely on mothers on an ongoing basis to reimburse the costs of communication and the purchase of school uniforms.

The remaining benefits are of an intangible nature. At the federal level, single mothers with many children are entitled to:

• Discount on payment for housing and communal services. Its percentage depends on the number of children: for families with 3 children, the cost in fat is reduced by 30%, with 4 - by 50%, and with 7 or more - fully reimbursed;
• Free food. We are talking about set breakfasts and lunches that children from large families can receive at school;
• Places in kindergarten. Priority in the queue always goes to families with many children, and such families are not charged parental fees;
• Free pass. Valid for all children and one parent on all types of public transport;
• Free treatment. The state will provide children with medicines and trips to health centers (at least one trip every two years);

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Non-material benefits are also provided to women at the regional level. So, in Moscow, maternity hospitals provide sets of underwear, and later they offer free visits to the circus, zoo, etc. with your child(ren). municipal institutions of the city.

Reimbursement for telephone costs

Are there benefits for single mothers in 2021 to pay for communication services?

Compensation payments for telephone payments personally for single mothers are practically not found in regional legal entities. Although this type of social support exists for low-income and large families. For example, in Art. 17.2 of Law No. 60 for metropolitan families with three or more children, one of the parents (guardian, guardian, stepmother or stepfather) is provided with monthly compensation for using the telephone. This type of social support is provided until the youngest child in the family reaches the age of 18.

You should not expect full reimbursement for landline phone costs or reimbursement for cellular phone costs. Regions usually provide payments “per telephone” as a percentage of the approved subscription fee tariff.

Reasons for refusal to provide benefits and assignment of payments

State support in the name of a single mother may be refused, but in practice this situation rarely occurs. The main reasons for refusal are the following:

1. Providing an incomplete package of documents.
2. The information provided by the applicant is unreliable.
3. The mother's status cannot be confirmed, since there are no official grounds for this.

In case of refusal, authorized specialists send a notice to the applicant, which clearly and in detail describes the reasons for the refusal. If the mother believes that the decision is unlawful, it can be appealed in court.

A single mother is the official status of a woman who has not provided information about the child’s father and is raising and maintaining the child on her own without the support of a man.
A support system for such women has been developed at the state level. Authorized bodies provide not only social, but also tax and labor benefits. The general list and procedure are established by federal legislation; more detailed regulation is carried out in regional legal acts. If the minor was adopted by another man or paternity was established, the status of a single mother is canceled. Order a free legal consultation

Does a single mother get free housing?

The status of a single mother in itself does not give her the opportunity to count on free housing. There is no such privilege in the law. But in combination with other conditions (for example, low income, a certain age of the mother, etc.), a single mother can participate in special housing programs.

For example, she can take part in the Young Family program. To do this, she must be no more than 35 years old, and she must prove that her family needs improved living conditions.

The program does not provide free housing, but allows you to receive partial financing for the purchase from the local budget. At the same time, the program participant must have his own funds or a source of their receipt to make the mandatory down payment.

In addition, to solve housing problems, a single mother can try to get on the waiting list for social housing. There are also a number of conditions, the fulfillment of which is checked when placing a single mother on the social housing queue (the presence of a disability in the mother or child; a diagnosis of an illness of a family member confirmed by a medical institution that is unacceptable when living together in the same living space; unsuitability of housing for habitation).

Legal definition of a single mother

First of all, it is necessary to understand who a single mother is; the definition has not been established by law, which means the legal status of these women remains unregulated; these are significant gaps in the legislation. The definition in question is not established at the level of federal laws, but it is reflected in the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. 1 of January 28, 2014. It regulates that a single mother is a woman who alone organizes care, raises, and develops her child. It doesn't matter whether the baby is natural or adopted.

In addition to the specified Resolution of the Plenum of the Russian Federation, the definition and characteristics of a single mother are enshrined in the labor legislation system. The legislator understands a single mother as a woman raising and maintaining a child without financial support from the other parent. This suggests that the father, for personal reasons, does not participate in the care, development, formation and upbringing of the child. For example, a man is declared dead or missing, or is wanted in connection with evasion of alimony payments or something else.

The definition and characteristics of a single mother are implicitly given in several pieces of legislation

Results

What compensation, benefits and other payments are due to single mothers in 2021 can be found out from the social security authorities or the municipality. Like all expectant mothers, single mothers receive maternity benefits, as well as child benefits (one-time and monthly). As additional support from the state, depending on the region of residence, they can count on free special food (dairy kitchen), reimbursement of expenses for clothing and stationery for schoolchildren, free travel on public transport, etc. To receive such preferences in most regions, in addition The status of a single mother must also meet other criteria (large families, low income, etc.).

Sources:

• Tax Code of the Russian Federation
• Labor Code of the Russian Federation
• Law “On state benefits for citizens with children” dated May 19, 1995 No. 81-FZ

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Procedure for obtaining single mother status

The document preparation process consists of simple sequential steps. The applicant must do the following:

1. After registering the newborn, contact the registry office to obtain a certificate in form No. 25.
2. Collect the necessary documents, prepare an application to the social security department.
3. Provide the collected papers to social security employees during reception hours. You can also submit an application with attachments to the MFC branch.
4. At the appointed time, appear at the social protection authorities and pick up the decision to recognize the woman as a single mother or to refuse recognition.

The application review process is not labor-intensive, so the deadlines are quite short. Depending on the workload of specialists, the duration of document review ranges from 10 to 30 days. If it is not possible to receive the decision in person, you can ask employees to send a notice by mail.

Single mother's benefit in 2021 in Moscow

Unlike other regions of the Russian Federation, in the capital single mothers receive their own payments, intended only for them.

Including:

• Child benefit. Monthly is 15,840 for a child under 3 years old, 6,336 for a child from 3 to 16 years old, 12,672 for a disabled child under 18 or 23 years old;
• Inflation compensation. For food for a child under 3 years old - 713 rubles. To reimburse expenses due to the rising cost of living - 792 rubles, if the mother receives a monthly allowance. If you don’t receive it - 317 rubles.

Benefits for single mothers in Moscow
An additional requirement for single mothers who seek to receive these benefits is permanent registration in Moscow.

Child benefit by September 1

Support for families with children in 2021 will be provided from the regional budget. Conditions for receiving benefits may vary depending on the region. Payment is provided for the purchase of school uniforms and stationery.

By September 1, 2021, families with school-age children will be given 10,000 rubles . This statement was made by President Vladimir Putin in April of this year.

Large families will also be able to receive an additional 3,000 rubles

At the same time, we should not forget about other assistance to families with children. Thus, from January 1, 2021, a new benefit for low-income families for children from 3 to 7 years old is in force in the amount of half the subsistence minimum per child for the 2nd quarter of the previous year.

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Advantages and disadvantages of special provision

Any legal status has its positive and negative sides. Registering to belong to a preferential category is beneficial if a woman is experiencing financial difficulties. In a situation where the mother is able to independently provide decent living conditions for her child, contacting social security authorities is not necessary.

Pros of becoming a single mother

The state provides support to women in raising children.
In addition, registration of a preferential category requires much less time and financial costs than establishing paternity in court. Regional authorities are also developing various assistance programs. There are social, labor, material, housing and tax options for benefits. Read also: How to obtain guardianship of a child

Labor legislation provides the widest range of benefits for single mothers.

Women are given the following opportunities:

• engagement in overtime work only with written consent;
• vacation in the summer months at the request of the mother;
• additional days of rest without pay;
• ban on withdrawal during night shifts.

Attention! The law prohibits firing a single mother, however, she, in turn, is obliged to observe labor discipline.

A single mother cannot be fired due to job reduction. If the organization is liquidated, the woman should be provided with assistance in finding employment.

Social benefits include:

• priority provision of a place in kindergarten;
• discounts on fees for visiting educational institutions (up to 70%);
• free meals at school.

An incomplete family has the right to improve living conditions. Single mothers can take part in preferential programs for purchasing housing. The state partially compensates women for creating conditions for raising children.

Single mothers receive privileges in the field of health care:

• free medicines for children under 7 years of age (from the list of medicines of the Ministry of Health);
• provision of a certificate of incapacity for work for an unlimited period (for caring for children under 7 years of age);
• free massage for a child (for medical reasons).

The state exempts a single woman from having to pay property tax. Working parents who raise children alone are given the right to a double tax deduction when calculating wages (Article 218, Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

The official status of a single person allows you to make many decisions on your own (for example, about leaving (or moving) to another country). If the child's mother gets married, she does not need to ask the biological father's consent for adoption.

The legislation does not provide for separate benefits for women raising children on their own. In some regions there is a program of material support for low-income mothers from local budget funds.

Article 218 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation “Standard tax deductions”

Negative points

Before contacting social security authorities, a woman needs to evaluate the negative aspects of being a single person.

If paternity is not officially established, there is no possibility of collecting alimony. In addition, children will not be able to claim inheritance property after the death of their father.

Documents for applying for benefits

• Applicant's passport;
• Child's birth certificate;
• Certificate from the registry office (form No. 25);
• Certificate of income (form 2-NDFL);
• Certificate of family composition;
• Extract from the work book, if the applicant works;
• Certificate from the employment center, if the applicant is unemployed;
• Statement of family composition and missing debts.

The list presented is expanded. Depending on the incentive or benefit, fewer documents may be needed (for example, for a one-time benefit for the birth of a child, a 2-NDFL certificate is not needed).