Unemployment benefit in 2021: amount and procedure for registration

Unemployment benefits are one of the forms of state support for citizens who are looking for work and have received unemployed status. Funds are paid every month subject to all necessary requirements being met. The amount of payments is established by the Government of the Russian Federation annually and is calculated for each applicant taking into account his category, region of residence and other factors. Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the benefit amount was increased to the level of the minimum wage. Special measures to support affected citizens will continue in 2021.

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What kind of benefit is this?

Citizens temporarily left without income are entitled to regular cash payments from the state.
And although the amount currently paid at the labor exchange for unemployment does not exceed the minimum wage, this money is still a help for families. To receive them, you need to contact the employment center (PEC). Functions of such centers:

• providing interested parties with up-to-date information about vacancies;
• referral of those wishing to undergo vocational training or retraining;
• assistance in employment of citizens; registration of unemployment benefits.

IMPORTANT! Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the procedure for registering and applying for unemployment benefits has changed. Government Decree No. 460 dated 04/08/2020 approved temporary (until December 31, 2021) rules for registering citizens as unemployed and making social payments to them. Please check with your regional center for specifics on obtaining status.

After you prepare and submit a package of documents, you will be assigned unemployed status.
Then the central payment center will calculate how much to pay based on various factors. If a person does not have a job, but he has not contacted the CZN specialists to register, he will not receive any benefits. In addition, he will not be provided with information about available jobs at enterprises and firms, information about which is available in the employment center.

How the procedure for registering the unemployed has been simplified

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 30, 2021 No. 1278 extended the validity of temporary rules for registering the unemployed. The simplified procedure was approved until December 31, 2021. It is described in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated April 8, 2020 No. 460.

The new regulations freed citizens who lost their jobs from two difficulties:

• No need to personally contact employment services. You can register remotely - to do this, you need to submit the appropriate application through the “Work in Russia” portal. Unemployment benefits can also be applied for through your personal account on the government services portal.
• No need to collect a package of documents. The information required to assign benefits is received automatically.

Legal regulation

The rules and procedure for payment of benefits are specified in the Federal Law of April 19, 1991 No. 1032-1 “On Employment in the Russian Federation” (as amended on March 7, 2018), and several government decrees.
But not all people are in a hurry to visit the center. There is an opinion that only low-paid vacancies are offered there. And if you look at what unemployment benefits are paid at the labor exchange in 2021, it is not worth bothering with paperwork.

On March 30, 2020, Government Decree No. 346 of March 27, 2020 came into force, which fixed the new amount of unemployment benefits. In 2021 it will be:

• the minimum benefit amount is 1,500 rubles;
• the maximum value reaches 12,130 rubles.

It is difficult to survive on such a modest monthly payment, but these amounts are in any case quite high compared to last year. Until 2021, the amount of payments has not changed for 10 years.

IMPORTANT! In connection with the COVID-19 coronavirus epidemic, the authorities have taken a number of measures to support citizens and businesses, including an increase in unemployment benefits. In the period from May to October 2021, the minimum payments will be 4,500 rubles, and the maximum will remain at the level of the federal minimum wage (12,130 rubles).

The maximum amounts are due to those who, during the 12 months preceding dismissal, had a total paid work experience of at least 26 calendar weeks on a full-time or weekly basis. In the new Government Decree dated 10.06. 2021 No. 844 clarifies who else is entitled to payments of 12,130 rubles for unemployment - individual entrepreneurs who, due to quarantine, stopped their business activities and registered as unemployed.

Expanding opportunities to receive maximum benefits

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 31, 2020 No. 2393 adjusted the rules for paying maximum unemployment benefits. The changes will affect such categories of citizens as those dismissed due to the liquidation of an organization or staff reduction, women on leave due to the birth of a child.

Employee accounting, payroll, sick leave, vacation pay, taxes and contributions

The amendments resolved controversial issues related to the calculation of benefits in situations where the beginning of the payment period is shifted or the period is interrupted. In such situations, maximum benefits will be accrued not in the first three months from the date a person is declared unemployed, but for three months in general, regardless of transfers and breaks.

• A person lost his job due to the liquidation of an enterprise or staff reduction. In the first three months, instead of benefits, he is entitled to the average salary at his previous place of work. After this, he will no longer be able to claim the maximum benefit amount. According to the new rules, for such citizens the deadline for payment of benefits is postponed. They will be accrued the maximum amount of benefits from the fourth to sixth months of unemployment, and then 60% of earnings, but not more than 5,000 rubles.
• A pregnant woman lost her job. If the period of the first three months of receiving the maximum unemployment benefit overlaps with the period of payment of temporary disability benefits due to pregnancy and childbirth, then the unemployment benefit is transferred to a later date.
• During the payment of the maximum allowance, a person is called up for military training. During this period, he is on state support, so other social support measures for him are cancelled. He will continue to receive the maximum benefit after returning from training camp.

Who will receive the benefit?

In 2021, unemployment benefits are paid to citizens:

• who have officially received the status of unemployed, that is, registered in the prescribed manner;
• those who worked at least 26 weeks over the past year, that is, the 2019 calendar year. Having a job is one of the main conditions for how to receive 12,000 in unemployment from the state for several months;
• whose former employer, before dismissing employees, diligently paid insurance contributions for them;
• who are able to work and have no contraindications to work;
• and most importantly, those who are actually looking for work.

Some categories of citizens cannot be registered as unemployed:

• persons undergoing military service; full-time students;
• minors and old-age pensioners;
• convicted citizens and sentenced to correctional labor, imprisonment;
• citizens who do not have the necessary documents for registration.

Who can count?

Citizens who have been assigned the official status of unemployed have the right to apply for benefits. It can be obtained by persons at least 16 years of age who:

• They do not undergo full-time training in educational institutions.
• Not employed.
• They have no income.
• They do not receive savings and insurance pension payments.

In addition to benefits, citizens who want to find a job can receive additional cash payments and compensation, psychological assistance, the opportunity to undergo retraining and other support measures.

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How and where to arrange everything

To start receiving money, a citizen applies to the territorial central payment center at his place of residence.
Until December 31, applicants are allowed to submit documents online instead of going in person. Through the State portal, unemployment benefits will be assigned and paid according to general rules. The registration procedure involves collecting the following documents (Article 3, Clause 2 of the Federal Law of April 19, 1991 No. 1032-1):

• completed application;
• general passport or other identification document;
• certificate, diploma of education or other document confirming the applicant’s qualifications;
• work book indicating the last place of work and the reason for dismissal;
• certificate of average earnings for the previous three months from the last job. It is important that this document is filled out correctly, without errors or blots. If an accountant fills out a certificate improperly, it will simply not be accepted;
• individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person (for persons with disabilities).

Regional specifics of payments for the unemployed

Regions have their own characteristics related to the status of the unemployed. The registration procedure itself is no different and is regulated by federal rules. While payments may vary by region:

Moscow authorities have set the minimum benefit for all those who lost their jobs due to coronavirus at 19,500 rubles.

In the Moscow region the limit is 15,000 rubles. (if the citizen worked 60 days in 2021).

In the Tula region, the maximum payment is 12,130 rubles.

In Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, payments are made with a coefficient of 1.7: the minimum is 2550 rubles, the maximum is 20621 rubles.

In the Orenburg region, a coefficient of 1.6 is used: benefits are paid in the amount of 2,400 to 19,408 rubles.

In addition to federal benefits, unemployed people in Moscow can receive payments from the city:

• additional payment to unemployment benefits - 850 rubles;
• compensation for expenses for using the services of city public transport - 1,450 rubles.
• Unemployed people can also receive financial assistance during illness, training, community service or temporary employment.

Help for determining the amount of unemployment benefits

For a student who has just graduated from an educational institution, it is enough to provide a passport and a certificate or diploma of education. Along with the originals of the above documents, take their copies with you.

The center commission accepts the necessary papers for consideration. If the Central Employment Service makes a positive decision on the application and recognizes the citizen as unemployed, he is assigned a benefit. For those who are interested in how many days unemployment benefits are paid after registration, we answer: the first money will be transferred to you in the month following the month you received unemployed status.

The second stage of the procedure is to come to the central control center with your passport on the appointed day. If for any reason you miss an appointment, the applicant will not be registered. And he will not be awarded unemployment benefits in 2021.

Will there be additional payments for children?

The updated rules for the unemployed make no mention of any additional payments for children. If you lose a job and have a decrease in income, a family can apply for monthly payments for up to 3 years and from 3 to 7 years.

But the calculation takes into account income not for the last months, but for the year, which ended six months before applying for state support. Then parents could have a job, and the condition that the income of the unemployed is not taken into account was valid only in 2021 and has not yet been extended.

Of the additional types of state support for families with children, only a one-time payment up to 7 years inclusive is valid - 5,000 RUR. But it does not depend on the family income, and most parents have already received it. There are no additional payments for the unemployed.

How much, how and when they pay

The benefit amount in 2021 depends on the following conditions:

• availability of work during the year before registering with the Labor Center;
• the amount of official (white) salary at the last place of work;
• reasons for dismissal;
• duration of unemployment.

Moreover, in addition, the algorithm for calculating unemployment benefits at the employment center in 2021 also takes into account the period during which the payment is calculated. The basis for the calculations is the average salary that was paid before registration with the Labor Center, calculated over three working months:

• in the first three months 75% of this average is issued;
• in the next three months - 60%.

How long does it take to get paid?

The above-mentioned law sets out different periods of time during which unemployment benefits are paid. Their duration directly depends on the category to which a particular unemployed person belongs.

Such social guarantee may be provided for the following periods of time:

• no more than 6 months within 1 year - this period is established for unemployed citizens who were dismissed within 12 months before receiving such status (including from military service) and who worked for at least 26 weeks (clause 4 of article 31);
• no more than 3 months within 1 year - applies to persons who have not previously worked anywhere or whose break in work activity is more than a year, dismissed for various violations, who left their previous position for any reason, having worked for less than 26 weeks, and also citizens who were sent by employment center specialists for training and were subsequently expelled (paragraph 2, paragraph 4, article 31);
• no more than 12 months for 1.5 years - this period applies to persons of pre-retirement age who were dismissed for any reason within 12 months before receiving the status of an unemployed citizen (clause 1 of article 34.2).

For the last category (people near retirement age), the terms of benefit payment may be increased. However, to do this, you must meet a number of specific requirements (more about this below).

Termination of payments

In some cases, the payment of unemployment benefits is suspended or terminated at the initiative of the Labor Center.
Thus, simultaneously with deregistration as an unemployed person, they stop paying in the following cases: 1. Employment of a person.

2. Receiving vocational training in the direction of central planning, subject to payment of a scholarship.

3. Failure to appear at the central control center within one month in the absence of valid reasons.

4. Moving or relocating to another area.

5. If fraud or forgery is detected in order to receive benefits.

6. Imprisonment.

7. Assignment of pension.

8. Refusal to mediate with the employment service on the basis of a written application.

9. Death.

Payment of unemployment benefits is not made during the periods:

• maternity leave;
• if the unemployed person temporarily left their place of permanent residence due to training;
• conscription for military service.

But the above periods are not included in the general period for payment of unemployment benefits and do not extend it.

Pension

In accordance with paragraph 2 of Art. 32 of Law No. 1032-1, at the proposal of the employment service authorities, in the absence of employment opportunities for unemployed citizens who have not reached retirement age and have an insurance record of at least 25 and 20 years for men and women, respectively, dismissed due to the liquidation of the organization or termination of activities Individual entrepreneurs, by reducing the number or staff of the organization's employees, individual entrepreneurs, with their consent, may be granted an early pension, but not earlier than 2 years before the appropriate age .
Thus, the conditions for early retirement are:

1) recognition of a person as unemployed in accordance with the established procedure; 2) no more than two years remain until reaching retirement age; 3) dismissal from work took place in connection with the liquidation of the organization or termination of the activities of the individual entrepreneur, reduction in the number or staff of employees of the organization, individual entrepreneur; 4) a person receives a proposal from the employment service authorities to grant him a pension early, provided that it is impossible to find a suitable job for him. (Sending this proposal by the employment service body is its right, not its obligation); 5) the person’s consent to the early assignment of his pension; 6) availability of appropriate insurance experience (at least 25 and 20 years for men and women); 7) the presence of an appropriate value of the individual pension coefficient (the so-called pension points): in 2021, not lower than 16.2, followed by an annual increase until the value reaches 30.

If all of the above conditions are met, the citizen has the right to receive an insurance pension ahead of schedule.
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In what cases is the payment of benefits temporarily suspended while maintaining status?

Law of the Russian Federation dated April 19, 1991 No. 1032-1 provides information on how unemployment benefits are paid at the employment center and for what reasons payments are suspended (see Article 35). It follows from it that they stop paying for a period of up to one month in the following cases:

• the unemployed person’s refusal of two job options offered to him that suits him;
• refusal, after one month of unemployed period, to participate in public works paid for by the state, or to be sent for training;
• the appearance of an unemployed person for re-registration while under the influence of alcohol or drugs (spice is also included here);
• dismissal from the last job due to violation of labor discipline, expulsion from an educational institution for guilty actions; violation by the unemployed of the conditions and terms of re-registration in the absence of valid reasons;
• termination of training in the direction of the employment service without permission.

In these cases, benefit payments are suspended, but this period is included in the total total period for calculating unemployment.
Sometimes the Employment Center decides to reduce the amount of unemployment benefits by 25% for up to one month. This is possible in the following cases:

• a person’s failure to appear without a good reason for employment negotiations with an employer within three days from the date of referral by the employment service;
• refusal without good reason to appear at the employment authorities to receive a referral to work or training.

Who won't get it?

Regional compensation payments are intended for people who, before the coronavirus epidemic, had no problems with work and lost income only due to restrictions imposed in connection with the spread of infection. Persons whose dismissal was associated with disciplinary violations and other guilty actions, as well as some other categories of citizens, including pensioners, full-time students, and individual entrepreneurs, will not be able to receive them.

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How to find out the status of a pre-retirement pensioner through the Pension Fund website in 2021?

Any citizen, regardless of age, can request information from the register of pre-retirement people in 2021. The certificate records whether the person belongs to this category or not. You can obtain the data through the official website of the Pension Fund. To send a request you must:

1. Go to the official website of the government agency on the Internet and log in to the system. Identity confirmation goes through the State class=”aligncenter” width=”1920″ height=”1344″[/img]
2. Go to the “Pensions” section and click on the required class=”aligncenter” width=”1920″ height=”739″[/img]
3. Describe why the certificate is required and where it should be sent. The purpose of the question must be stated correctly.

4. Read the help. It will appear in your contact history. The document can be printed, downloaded or sent as a file.

The whole process takes about a minute. You can request several such certificates at once. There are no fees for providing the service.

Where can I find out if a person is pre-retirement?

If a citizen needs information about the status of a pre-retirement person for himself, in 2021, it is enough to independently determine when the moment of retirement will come, and then subtract 5 years from the resulting age.

If official confirmation of pre-retirement status is required, you will need a certificate issued by the territorial body of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, or a response from the pension fund to a request from the relevant authority for a specific citizen (letter of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 161/10/P/9611 dated December 24, 2021). In the first case, you must personally contact the territorial division of the authority. You will need to fill out an application. The following information must be indicated on the paper:

• FULL NAME;
• SNILS number;
• Date of Birth;
• information about the organization to which the data must be provided;
• method of sending information.

Typically, government agencies independently request information on a specific citizen.

Appointment procedure

Let's look at how benefits are paid on the exchange. The benefit is assigned with certain obligations for the unemployed. You must visit the employment center at least twice a month. There, the unemployed are offered vacancies, he goes for interviews.

Jobs for those who are on the labor exchange are selected taking into account the level of professional training, conditions of the last place of work, health status and transport accessibility.

• If a person is not suitable for the positions offered, he must bring a refusal form to the employment center, then severance pay will continue to be paid.
• If the vacancies are not suitable for him, he must also indicate the reasons. However, after two refusals, the employment center may suspend the payment of benefits.

In addition, on the days appointed by the CZN employees, you need to re-register on the stock exchange and again confirm your status as unemployed (Clause 6, Article 31 of the Law “On Employment in the Russian Federation”).

If a person misses a visit to the health center without a good reason, the benefit will stop being paid and will be deregistered. A valid reason is considered to be the illness or death of relatives.