What benefits and subsidies for the purchase of housing can be obtained from the state?

Preferential mortgage programs

The state finances several preferential mortgage programs for different categories of borrowers. In this article we will talk about the three most popular programs that operate in 2021-2022.

Mortgage at 7%

Available to : any citizens of the Russian Federation who want to buy an apartment in a new building. Rate : up to 7% per annum for the entire loan term. It may be increased if the borrower does not insure life, health and real estate.

Validity : until July 1, 2022. In which regions it is valid : throughout the country. Maximum loan amount : 3 million rubles. Can it be used for refinancing : no. Which banks issue : all large and most small banks, for example, Sberbank, VTB, Alfa Bank and Sovcombank.

Rural mortgage

Available to : any citizens of the Russian Federation who want to buy real estate in rural areas. Rate : from 0.1 to 3% per annum Validity period : until 2025. In which regions is it valid : throughout the country, except for the cities and municipalities of St. Petersburg, Moscow and the Moscow region. But only in rural areas, for example, in a workers’ village, urban settlement or small town, up to 30 thousand people. Maximum loan amount : 3 million rubles. For the Far East, Leningrad Region and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the amount is higher - 5 million rubles. Can it be used for refinancing : no. Features : Can only be obtained once in a lifetime. Which banks issue : nine banks participate in the program, for example, Rosselkhozbank, Sberbank, CB Center-Invest and Ak Bars Bank.

State support for young families

The following are considered young:

• Two-parent families with or without children, in which one of the spouses is under 35 years of age.
• Single-parent families, such as mother and child families, in which the parent is under 35 years of age.

There are several government support programs for such families: some operate throughout the country, others only in certain regions. We recommend starting your search for a suitable program from the websites of your local administration. If there are no suitable programs in your region, look into federal ones.

Departmental target program

The essence of the support : a free payment in the amount of 30-35% of the estimated cost of the apartment. Who can receive : a young family that is recognized as needy. Also, before receiving the payment, you need to prove that you have the funds to purchase the chosen home or you can take out a mortgage. Features : it doesn’t matter how much the apartment you want to buy costs: the payment amount is calculated according to the standards. First, they find out how many square meters the family is entitled to. So, two spouses or a parent with a child are entitled to 42 sq.m., and families of three or more people are entitled to 18 sq.m. m for each. Afterwards, the number of square meters required is multiplied by the standard cost of 1 sq. m in your region.

For example, the standard cost of one square meter in Moscow is 115,151 rubles. If there are two parents and two children in a family, they are entitled to 72 square meters. m. Then the standard cost of the housing they are entitled to is 8,290,872 rubles. And the amount of social benefits is 35% of this amount - 2,901,805 rubles.

Maternal capital

The essence of support : targeted payment at the birth or adoption of a child. 483 thousand rubles for the first child and 639 thousand rubles for the second and subsequent ones. Such a payment for the second and subsequent child will only be provided if you did not receive maternity capital for the first.

Who can receive : the father or mother of the child, as well as an orphan child under 18 years old who was born after 2007.

Features : Matkapital can be used to purchase an apartment or house, as well as to build a house. Funds cannot be spent on purchasing housing abroad, dilapidated or dilapidated housing, as well as non-residential premises, including apartments. You also cannot buy a share in an apartment or house. An exception is if this is a separate room or share in existing housing.

After the purchase, you need to allocate shares for each family member who is indicated in the certificate for maternal capital.

Young families can also take advantage of other programs, for example, mortgage restructuring, which we will discuss below.

Who can qualify for the subsidy program?

A young family is a participant in the target program. A young family can be with or without children. But one of the parents must be a citizen of the Russian Federation. An incomplete young family, in which there is only one parent with one or more children, can also become a participant in the program.

The right to improve housing conditions using social benefits is granted to a young family only once.

To avoid cases of abuse of subsidies, it has been established that government subsidies cannot be used when purchasing housing from close relatives.

Thus, you cannot buy housing from your spouse, grandparents, grandchildren, parents, children, full and half brothers and sisters.

To qualify for money from the state, a young family must meet certain criteria:

a) the age of each spouse or one parent in a single-parent family on the day of the decision to include a young family in the list of applicants for social benefits should not exceed 35 years.

The State Duma considered initiatives to increase the age of “youth” to 40 years, but so far the age limit has remained at 35 years.

This means that if one of the spouses is 20 years old and the other is over 35 years old, then they will not be able to become participants in this program.

b) a young family must need housing.

How can this be determined in practice? After all, “some have empty cabbage soup, and some have small pearls.”

When calculating the level of housing provision, the total size of the total area of ​​​​all suitable premises occupied by a young family is taken into account. Housing can be under a social rental agreement or owned by spouses.

To determine the need for housing, the accounting standard for area is calculated (Article 51 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation). It is determined as follows: all living areas are summed up and divided by the number of family members. Then the resulting value is compared with the accounting norm. The value of the norm is established by local authorities and each region has its own (Article 50 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation).

For example, in Krasnodar - 10 sq.m per person, in Omsk - 12 sq.m per person. For Moscow, the norm is set at 10 sq.m. for individual apartments and 15 sq.m. for apartments in which residential premises are provided to different families (Article 9 of the Law of June 14, 2006 No. 29 “On ensuring the rights of residents of the city of Moscow for residential premises").

c) the family has income that allows them to obtain a loan or other funds sufficient to pay the estimated cost of housing.

Another condition is the solvency of the young family members. After all, the family will have to pay a certain part of the amount for housing. And for the remaining amount the family takes out a mortgage.

Let us dwell in more detail on the procedure and amount of subsidies.

Mortgage restructuring with government help

The essence of the support : the state repays part of the borrower’s loan so that he can change the terms of the mortgage, for example, choose a different currency, reduce the payment amount, increase the loan term or receive a “credit holiday”.

Who can receive:

• parents of children under 18 years of age;
• parents of children aged 18 to 24 who are full-time students at universities;
• disabled people and parents of children with disabilities;
• young families;
• combat veterans.

In this case, you need to prove that you cannot pay the mortgage under current conditions, for example:

1. after paying the mortgage payment, each family member remains less than two subsistence minimums in the region;
2. the monthly payment from the date of receiving the mortgage has increased by more than 30%.

There are also requirements for mortgage housing. The property must be your only home and be located in Russia. A one-room apartment should be less than 45 square meters. m, two-room - less than 65 sq. m, and a three-room apartment is less than 85 sq. m. m.

Subsidy size: calculation formula and what affects its size

Each needy person can estimate the approximate amount of subsidies due to him from the state thanks to a special formula for calculation.

Initial data for self-assessment:

• the cost of a meter of housing for your region;
• relying norm;
• magnification factor.

The resulting numbers need to be multiplied.

When making calculations, the commission will also take into account the financial and property capabilities of the citizen and his family members.

Conclusion

Anyone in need can exercise their right to allocate funds from the state budget free of charge to purchase an apartment with the help of a housing subsidy program. The decision made based on the results of his appeal, as well as the process itself, will depend on the status to which the person belongs, and his existing housing and material conditions.

You can also find out about social mortgages, which allow you to realize benefits for an apartment using borrowed funds, but at a lower rate than on the market.

If you have any questions, we are waiting for you for a free consultation with a lawyer. Sign up through an online consultant.

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State support for public sector employees

Social mortgage for state employees

The essence of the program : the buyer can choose the type of assistance that suits him:

• receive up to 15% of the cost of the purchased apartment once;
• receive annual mortgage interest compensation;
• buy housing from the state on special terms.

Who can receive : employees of budgetary organizations who need their own housing, for example:

• live in one apartment with several families;
• have their own housing, in which each person has less than 14 square meters. m;
• live in a communal apartment;
• do not have their own home.

Features : the program is not valid in all regions. Some fields may only attract certain specialists, such as doctors, teachers or young scientists.

If you take out a mortgage on your home, you must work in government agencies for the entire term of the loan. You can quit, but the new place of work must also be a budget organization.

Procedure for obtaining a certificate: where to apply and deadlines

Financial compensation for the purchase of an apartment in the form of a subsidy is issued on the basis of information about the individual who wishes to apply for it.

How to apply for a housing subsidy:

• it is necessary to contact the administration of the locality in which the person in need of housing lives;
• write a statement according to the sample.

The application must be accompanied by the result of an assessment by a special commission confirming unsatisfactory living conditions and documents for the inspected living space.

Housing standards:

• 33 sq. m per person;
• 42 sq. m for two people;
• +18 sq. m for each subsequent family member.

After reviewing and evaluating the information provided by a person about his house or apartment applying for a state certificate to improve the quality of living conditions, authorized employees are required to check all specified data for accuracy. If all the information corresponds to the information initially provided by the applicant, a positive decision is made to provide the citizen with material support in the form of a free subsidy.

Authorized employees place the application in the general queue, and the applicant is sent a corresponding notification.

The waiting period for the queue to expire can vary from 1 year to several years.

After the queue has expired, the commission makes a calculation in the amount according to the conditions and data of the citizen. If the applicant’s living conditions change during the waiting period, he is obliged to promptly notify the authorities about this.

State support for the military

Savings and mortgage system

The essence of the program : for military personnel who use the Savings and Mortgage System (SMS), the state transfers payments to a special account. Funds in this account are invested to offset inflation and increase savings. The payment amount is the same for all ranks and changes annually. In 2021, the military receives about 300 thousand rubles per year.

Three years after beginning participation in the program, the service member may decide to:

• continue saving;
• buy housing with accumulated funds;
• use the funds as a down payment on a mortgage.

If a serviceman has not used NIS funds for 20 years, he will be paid the full amount. You can spend this money for any purpose.

Who can receive : everyone who entered into a contract after 2005. Some military personnel are required to participate in the program, while others, such as some soldiers, may refuse.

Military mortgage

The essence of the program : Mortgage payments are paid not by the borrower, but by the state. Funds from NIS are used for this. If the amount of the monthly payment is greater than the state payments, the remaining funds are used for early repayment of the mortgage.

Features : If a military man serves for less than 20 years, he must return the funds he received from the state. The debt can be repaid in installments over 10 years. If a military personnel is laid off or forced to resign due to family reasons or poor health, the funds will not have to be returned.

450 thousand rubles for large families

The essence of the program : the state pays 450 thousand rubles so that large families can fully or partially repay their mortgage. If the amount of debt is less than 450 thousand, the payment amount will be reduced.

Who can receive : families in which a third and subsequent child was born after January 1, 2021. In this case, the age of older children is not important.

Features : the payment can be received only once and used only to pay off the mortgage. If you used a consumer loan to purchase a home, you will not be able to participate in the program.

Housing certificates

The essence of the program : the state provides subsidies for the purchase of housing to certain categories of citizens. To do this, they issue personalized housing certificates.

Who can receive : beneficiaries and those who need improved housing conditions. Thus, those in need can be recognized as

• who do not have their own home;
• those whose housing area is less than the established standards;
• who lives in a dilapidated house;
• who lives with a seriously ill family member.

How is the payment amount calculated : there is no specific amount - it depends on the standard cost of housing in the region and the number of family members who will live in the apartment. So, according to the standards, one person is entitled to 33 square meters. m, two - 42 sq. m, and a family of three or more people - 18 sq. m for each.

The number of square meters a family is entitled to is multiplied by the standard cost of one meter in your region.

Features: the certificate is valid for seven months. If during this time you did not manage to find an apartment, you will have to apply for it again. The money can only be spent on purchasing a home—the certificate cannot be cashed out, gifted, or inherited.

Who is entitled to a subsidy for the purchase of an apartment in 2021?

The list of people in need and applying for free government support is developed at the federal level and depends on the situation in the region. Local government can add to the list. Regional authorities have no right to reduce it.

Citizens who need positive changes in their quality of life by exercising the right to receive a housing subsidy include:

• large families simultaneously raising 3 or more children or full-time university students under 23 years of age, as well as those undergoing compulsory military service upon conscription;
• a young family, where the husband and wife are under 35 years old;
• persons performing duties in the public service;
• persons who participated in hostilities, as well as WWII veterans or members of their families who were left without a breadwinner;
• military personnel transferred to the reserve or retired military personnel;
• young specialists of some professions voluntarily working in a remote village;
• orphans without parents or guardians;
• people living in the Far North or similar conditions for over 15 years, who want to live in more favorable regions;
• low-income families;
• workers in the budget sector.

To support young people who want to tie the knot, a special state program has been developed to stimulate the creation of a family union - “Young Family”.

Which categories of citizens are not eligible to receive a subsidy?

Among the category of citizens who cannot apply for a subsidy, one can single out those who have their own living space, the size of which corresponds to or exceeds the standard allocated for one person by law. Such people are not related to preferential categories, which means they cannot participate in the program for state subsidies for the purchase of an apartment and apply for a benefit, since its purpose and meaning is to provide assistance specifically to those in need.

Important! In practice, the amount of formalized subsidy provided to cover the cost of an apartment is often not enough.

This is due to the fact that the market price for apartments is higher than the state can issue according to calculations.

The amount of the subsidy for the purchase of an apartment using a certificate in most cases is:

• 30% or 40% of the real market price of the apartment;
• 70% for young workers of certain professions who moved to the village.

Therefore, it is the responsibility of the recipient to prove that he can pay the remaining part of the full cost of the apartment being arranged on his own. Otherwise, his right to this type of support from the state is revoked.

However, there are ways to fill the missing funds:

• using a loan;
• when putting your existing residential space up for sale.

You can take out a mortgage for your apartment by paying for the down payment with a certificate.

How to get subsidies from the state

You can select a suitable support program on the local administration website. Most regions have their own support programs, but you can also use one of the federal programs.

Once you have decided on the program, contact your local administration or MFC. You will be asked to prepare a package of documents. Most often requested:

• passport of the applicant and his family members;
• an extract from the house register;
• bank statement or income certificate;
• a copy of the work book;
• a document confirming the right to the benefit;
• a document that confirms the ownership of housing or a social tenancy agreement;
• a document that confirms the right to additional space.

It is advisable to make several copies of all documents.

If the administration decides that you are entitled to a subsidy, you will be put on a waiting list for improved housing conditions. When your turn comes - sometimes this happens after several years - the State Property Department will notify you and issue a certificate of subsidy.

Subsidy for the purchase of an apartment from the state

To understand what a gratuitous subsidy the purchase of housing is, who is entitled to it and how to apply for it, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the Resolutions formed by the Government and Federal laws, as well as with the legislative framework of the authorities in the region.

What it is

The essence of the subsidy for an apartment is the registration of free financial assistance to residents from the federal budget in conjunction with the municipal budget from government bodies. In other words, an apartment subsidy is a type of benefit provided in the form of money that does not need to be repaid. In this way, assistance is provided to people in dire need of it.

The amount of the benefit is determined by the authorized bodies based on the information provided by the needy citizen about himself and his family.

Three conditions apply to the apartment subsidy:

• one-time receipt;
• free use for its intended purpose within the allotted period;
• report on the expenditure of issued funds.

This means that it will not be possible to issue it to the same person again, and having spent the amount, the citizen does not reimburse it in any way and is obliged to use it strictly for its intended purpose.

A person who violates the terms of the benefit or artificially worsens his position will be obliged to return the full amount within a specified time frame, and may also be subject to criminal liability if his actions are regarded as fraud.

How can you use the certificate?

You can exercise the right to pay for an apartment using subsidies on the secondary market or housing that is under construction by activating the certificate in a non-cash manner.

The amount agreed upon in the documents is credited to the personal bank account opened by the recipient of the benefit from the budgets of the federal and municipal levels. After presenting the certificate to the bank, it must be spent non-cash before the expiration of 6 months.

Ways to use the certificate under the program for improving the quality of living conditions:

• purchasing an apartment under a regular sales contract;
• construction of a private residential building or payment for housing in an apartment building under construction;
• payment of debt on a previously issued mortgage or as a down payment for it;
• for a major renovation of an existing apartment.

The citizen reports on the expenditure of funds to the authorized bodies, for example, to the housing and communal services department or department:

• photocopies of checks;
• a photocopy of the real estate purchase and sale agreement;
• using documents directly for real estate or documented facts of non-cash transfer of money when investing in construction or major repairs of housing;
• other related official papers.

The possibilities of using the certificate should be clarified when choosing the type of housing subsidy program.

Restrictions on the use of the subsidy

State control lies not only in the intended use of funds by the recipient, but also in the security of the transaction itself.

When covering expenses with a registered real estate subsidy, the latter must meet a number of requirements:

• not have any encumbrance imposed on it, for example, a lien;
• registered in the name of the recipient of the subsidy, and not in the name of an outsider.

Provision is made for an inspection of the purchased housing by specialists from the legal department of the responsible government agency. Additionally, local authorities may impose restrictions on the purchase of an apartment under a certificate in new buildings that are in the initial stage of construction, or vice versa, on the purchase of residential premises on the secondary market.