A disabled person may well continue his work activity, and he is not obliged to notify the employer of his disability. However, such a step will entail a number of restrictions. Thus, a citizen will be able to be required to work overtime and at night, as well as on weekends and holidays without his consent.
A disabled person will not have the right to compulsory 30 days of annual leave and leave of up to 60 days at his own expense. The employer will not create special working conditions. That is, the IPR of a disabled person, which contains information about the state of health and individual needs, will not be taken into account.
But if notification of disability occurs, you need to provide an expert opinion (issued based on the results of the group registration), which contains mandatory conditions for implementation that are suitable for a particular disabled person. For example, with group 3 they mean:
- a shorter working week (compared to healthy people), unless otherwise stated in the commission’s conclusion, that is, within 40 hours;
— the presence of written consent of an employee with a disability to carry out activities beyond the norm and on weekends (if there is no specific prohibition in the medical documents);
— a list of types of work prohibited for certain physical limitations of the employee;
- a vacation lasting several days longer, that is, for 30 days;
— the possibility of using 60 days of unpaid leave (per year);
— no probationary period when hiring a position;
- the right to restoration of health during working hours (usually this is stated very clearly in the conclusion).
If an applicant with a disability is hired, in addition to the IPR, he must have a passport with a work book, a military ID (not for everyone) and an application for employment. Based on these documents, you can sign an order for the admission of a disabled person to a specific place.
Types of disability benefits
People who are unable to work due to disability are provided with the following types of financial support:
- The social pension is intended for those who have not accumulated insurance coverage. Can be received by minors, pensioners, citizens who have lost their breadwinner.
- A labor pension is assigned as compensation for the lost opportunity to receive income. To receive this type of payment, you must have a minimum length of service – at least 1 day.
- The state pension is accrued depending on the length of service to cosmonauts, military personnel, victims of man-made accidents, participants of the Second World War, as well as survivors of the blockade.
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Citizens with disabilities in the Russian Federation
The state is successfully implementing a program to provide benefits to people with disabilities. They receive assistance in building housing and enrolling in educational institutions.
Below is a list of possible benefits:
- For those citizens whose monthly pension payments are below the established minimum, medications are provided in pharmacies.
- Assistance in obtaining preventive treatment in a sanatorium.
- State pharmacies dispense medications to unemployed disabled people at half the price.
- If the status is obtained due to a work-related injury or illness of an occupational nature, the state imposes an obligation on the employer to provide financial assistance for treatment.
- A working disabled person is given the opportunity to purchase a vacation package at low prices.
Who is entitled to disability benefits in 2021?
All disabled people who have officially confirmed their status can count on receiving disability payments.
The medical institution issues a conclusion about a persistent decline in health; you will regularly have to undergo a commission again so that the doctor can make sure that there is no improvement. Depending on the state of health in the Russian Federation, several disability groups are distinguished:
| Disability group | Characteristics and Features |
| First | A disabled person is completely dependent on third parties; he cannot navigate in space, control himself, or move. |
| Second | A disabled person can work with the help of auxiliary tools, orient himself in space, and is able to move. |
| Third | There is a serious illness that does not interfere with working with loyal demands. |
| Disabled children | There is no division into groups for people under 18 years of age. |
These categories of citizens can count on payment of benefits in the established amount. They are provided with additional benefits and are assigned monthly and one-time disability benefits.
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Conditions for refusal to grant benefits
If one or another executive authority refused to grant a benefit, then there is an explanation for this. There are many reasons why citizen applications do not result in obtaining the desired privilege. The most basic ones are the following:
- A claim for social assistance comes from a person who is obviously not disabled. Those. a benefit targeted at a certain group of the population does not apply to others.
- The submitted package of documents is incomplete; it lacks documents confirming the status.
- Among the submitted certificates there are those whose validity has already expired. An employee of the organization receiving the documents may ask to receive a fresh certificate so that all documents meet the requirements.
- There are errors, typos, and corrections in the text of the submitted papers.
- The applicant does not have originals in his hands confirming the authenticity of the photocopies presented.
There are many nuances in this matter; it is not possible to analyze all the cases. If the applicant does not agree with the decision of the employee who accepted the application, then he must first appeal it to his superiors. If this step does not bring results, you can challenge the actions in court by filing a statement of claim. The time frame for resolving the issue in this situation will increase significantly.
One-time disability benefit
A one-time cash payment to disabled people is financial support from the state, which can be expressed both in cash and in kind. A person has the right to choose the form of a one-time benefit.
What is included in EDV in kind:
- city telephone service;
- travel to the sanatorium once a year;
- social services;
- Dental prosthetics once every 5 years.
In material equivalent, EDV is paid in an amount depending on the disability group:
- for the first group – 4,087.36 rubles;
- for the second group – 2,919.02 rubles;
- disabled person of group 3 – 2,336.70 rubles;
- minor citizens – 2,919 rubles. (the amount does not depend on the group).
The recipient has the right to refuse assistance in kind in full, or from any specific type of service, replacing it with cash support.
What is the difference between group 3 and group 2?
Group 2 disability is assigned to people who, due to complete or prolonged loss of ability to work, do not need constant care from other persons, as well as to those who are indicated for all types of work due to possible deterioration of health.
Impaired functioning of the body with this degree of disability occurs when there is minor damage to the vital organs of the human body. These are the consequences of a chronic disease, difficult pregnancy and childbirth, or injury. Group 3 disability is given to persons with minor damage to the functioning of the body. These are disorders that occur in the body after a congenital or acquired pathology.
Disability of groups 2 and 3 differs in the severity of the degree of damage to the body and the person’s ability to work. A disability of group 2, as a rule, is non-working, and with a disability of group 3, you can work, but in a limited mode, for example, part-time or in professions without strict requirements for working conditions (for example, a salesperson, a secretary on a home telephone).
Disability insurance payment
Paid if two conditions are met:
- There is any disability group.
- I have experience.
The disability insurance pension depends on several factors:
- groups;
- duration of employment;
- fees paid;
- presence in the family of persons under care;
- region of residence.
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The amount of the insurance pension includes a fixed part, which is determined by the government and indexed every year. The amount of disability benefits is calculated taking into account the group, family and social status, and length of service.
Disability benefit for group 1 in 2021
The amount of the fixed payment to the disability insurance pension of group I is 6044 rubles 48 kopecks per month.
Amount of fixed payment to the disability insurance pension of group I
| Category of pension recipients | The amount of a fixed payment to the disability insurance pension, taking into account increases to it |
| Disabled people of group I | Without dependents - 12,088.96 rubles per month With 1 dependent – 14,103.79 rubles per month With 2 dependents – 16,118.62 rubles per month With 3 dependents – 18,133.45 rubles per month |
| Citizens living in the Far North and equivalent areas | Without dependents - 9,066.72 with 1 dependent - 12,088.97 with 2 dependents - 15,111.22 with 3 dependents - 18,133.47 The fixed payment to the disability insurance pension and increases to it are increased by the corresponding regional coefficient |
| Group I disabled people who have worked for at least 15 calendar years in the Far North and have an insurance record of at least 25 years for men or at least 20 years for disabled women | Without dependents - 18,133.44 rubles per month With 1 dependent - 21,155.69 rubles per month With 2 dependents - 24,177.94 rubles per month With 3 dependents - 27,200.19 rubles per month (regardless of place of residence) |
| Group I disabled people who have worked for at least 20 calendar years in areas equated to the regions of the Far North, and have an insurance record of at least 25 years for men or at least 20 years for women | Without dependents - 15,715.65 rubles per month With 1 dependent - 18,334.93 rubles per month With 2 dependents - 20,954.21 rubles per month With 3 dependents - 23,573.49 rubles per month (regardless of place of residence) |
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The fixed part, taking into account regional coefficients, is paid regardless of the place of residence of the person at the time of payment. Thus, in order to receive an increased insurance payment for work in the Northern regions and equivalent regions, it is not at all necessary to live there.
One-time cash payments amount to 4087 rubles . The amount is paid only if the recipient has issued an EDV in cash and not in kind.
What benefits are available to disabled people of group 1:
- To pay utility bills (50%).
- Housing subsidy.
- For education.
- Free travel on city public transport, and a half discount on the cost of travel on other types of transport.
- A trip to a sanatorium, medications and medicines, prosthetics.
- Social services: nurse, discounts on funeral services, etc.
Persons who have lost the ability to work as a result of military operations, as well as prisoners of concentration camps, receive additional monthly material support (DEMO) in the amount of 1 thousand rubles.
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DEMO for disabled people of the Second World War and residents of besieged Leningrad is 500 rubles.
With an income below the subsistence level, a group 1 disabled person has the right to a federal social subsidy (FSD). Its size varies depending on the region.
Regional surcharge
The federal surcharge is accrued only to those pensioners who receive a salary below the pensioner’s subsistence level established in the region of residence.
The size of the regional surcharge is calculated using the formula: PMP - (pensions + compensation)
Decoding the components of the formula:
- PMP - the living wage of a pensioner, is indexed annually and varies by region
- Pension - social or insurance
- Additional payment - additional payments in monetary terms, such as EDV, DEMO, NSU
Amount of benefits for disabled people since childhood
- Social pension: 1st group – 13,454 rubles, 2nd group – 11,212 rubles, 3rd group – 4,756 rubles.
- EDV: 1 group – 3897 rub., 2 – 2783 rub., 3 – 2228 rub.
There is also a disability benefit in case of loss of a breadwinner. Its size depends on the breadwinner's insurance pension.
Persons disabled since childhood have the right to the same benefits as persons who have become disabled during their lifetime.
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Amount of benefit for disabled children
Payments to disabled people under 18 years of age:
- Social benefits – 12,432.44 rubles.
- EDV – 2,783 rub.
The following amounts of payments are provided for caring for a child with a disability:
- 10,000 rub. parents or persons registered as guardians;
- 1200 rub. - to other persons.
Also, disabled children have the same benefits as other disabled citizens. Additional benefits in the form of increased leave, early retirement and additional days off are available to their parents or guardians.
These benefits are assigned only to children under the age of majority. If the ability to work has not been restored after 18 years, then the person receives the status of “childhood disabled” with a certain category and is assigned social disability benefits.
Registration procedure
To receive a disability pension, the requirements of PP No. 92 are taken into account. Now a citizen does not need to collect documentation for MSA, since the clinic where the diagnosis is made itself sends the documents to the members of the commission. The decision to assign a disability group is made remotely , and the citizen receives documents by registered mail. At the same time, ITU representatives notify the Pension Fund and Social Security about this decision.
Disabled people do not need to visit the Pension Fund and file an application to extend their pension, so it is paid automatically. But the citizen chooses how he will receive funds. When the payment is initially assigned, PF employees contact the disabled person to inform him of the need to submit an application through the State Services portal or the PF website. If a citizen cannot access the Internet, then the data is transmitted by telephone.
Additional assistance for people with disabilities
In addition to payments and monetary compensation, the state offers disabled people benefits in the following areas and areas of life:
- Working conditions. Without the consent of disabled people, they cannot be forced to work overtime, on weekends or at night. The nature of the work itself should not be harmful to health;
- Public transport. Travel is free for disabled children, as well as disabled people of groups I and II who have visual impairments or cannot move;
- Driving. Disabled people of all groups can install a “Disabled” sign on their car - this allows them to park for free;
- Discount on medicines. This benefit is provided in the amount of 50 or 100% depending on the group and whether the disabled person is employed;
- Public places. Disabled people of groups I and II are accepted without waiting in line wherever people are treated or served (in clinics, in stores, etc.);
- Accommodations. The standard area for a disabled person is 36 m², twice as much as for a healthy person. An apartment or land plot is equipped with special equipment and devices (for example, ramps) at the expense of the state;
- Social housing. A disabled person may qualify for housing under a social tenancy agreement. At a minimum, he will be registered, and a disabled orphan will be given housing out of turn.
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The list presented is far from complete. All benefits can be found in the text of the Federal Law on the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation.
general information
Working disabled people belong to a special category of citizens, which is subject to special protection by labor legislation.
An employer who hires a citizen who has documents confirming his status as a disabled person is obliged to specify all aspects of cooperation in the employment contract.
Otherwise, such an agreement will be considered illegal and invalid, for which the employer will be punished accordingly.
According to labor legislation, the employer is obliged to take into account the health status of the employee, providing him with the necessary conditions for work, as well as drawing up an employment contract.
It is worth knowing that disabled people can refuse overtime work and work at night or on weekends and non-working holidays, even if such work is not prohibited for them due to health reasons (Articles 92, 96, 99, 113, 128 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation; Article 23 of Law No. 181-FZ).
Answers to frequently asked questions
Below we provide answers to the most popular questions.
Can I apply for benefits for caring for a disabled child if I myself am disabled?
The rules for assigning benefits for caring for disabled children are contained in Decree No. 175 of the President of the Russian Federation “On monthly payments to persons caring for disabled children.” The recipient of payments must satisfy a number of requirements:
- be able to work;
- not officially work;
- not be registered with the Employment Center;
- not receive a pension.
If you have a disability, it will not be possible to arrange care for a disabled child. It is best to give permission for these actions to a person (relative or friend) who meets the above requirements.
Documents for assigning benefits
It is not possible to receive benefits automatically. The authorities responsible for providing a disabled person with all the privileges required by law must receive a package of certain documents from the citizen. Only on the basis of the submitted papers is a decision made and the necessary appointments made.
You should contact the following organizations regarding this issue:
- Pension Fund (territorial departments);
- Social Insurance Fund;
- Department of Social Protection of the Population;
- The Federal Tax Service.
You can prove your right to preferences only with the help of documents. You will need:
- passport (copy of all completed pages);
- pensioner's ID;
- SNILS;
- certificate of a disabled person (certificate from a medical and social examination);
- document confirming ownership of the property and transport (if available);
- work book or its copy certified by the employer (if available);
- certificate of opening a bank account;
- income certificate;
- certificate of family composition;
- a completed application for benefits.
