○ Differences between citizenship and nationality.
When filling out the application for citizenship, the migrant must indicate his citizenship and nationality. An error will result in you having to resubmit your documents.
The difference between citizenship and nationality is as follows:
- Citizenship is the belonging of a particular person to a particular state.
- Nationality is the belonging of a particular person to a certain ethnic community.
The precise concept of “citizenship” is described in Art. 3 of Law No. 62-FZ. It says here that “citizenship of the Russian Federation is a stable legal connection of a person with the Russian Federation, expressed in the totality of their mutual rights and obligations.” The concept of “nationality” is revealed in the Constitution.
Condition for confirming language knowledge to obtain Russian citizenship: what documents are suitable
Acceptable confirmation options are given in paragraph 10 of Presidential Decree No. 1325 . It’s easiest for those who studied in Soviet times in one of the USSR republics, or studied in the Russian Federation. educational document (for example, a diploma or certificate) along with the application
The Decree states that it is permissible to present a duplicate document. But in a number of regions there is a requirement: to bring only the original. Accordingly, if you have lost your diploma, the duplicate may not be accepted.
Citizens of Belarus skip this condition to obtain Russian citizenship. A certificate or diploma issued in the Republic of Belarus is enough for them. The fact is that, according to the Decree, people from countries in which Russian is the official language can provide a document on education received in their country.
Excerpt from clause 10 of Decree 1325
In the Republic of Belarus, Russian, along with Belarusian, is recognized as an official language. But, again, there are messages from Belarusians whom inspectors sent to take a citizenship exam.
The following are also exempt from language confirmation:
- foreigners - men who are already 65 years old and women over 60 years old;
- citizens declared incompetent;
- disabled people of group I.
All others take the Russian language exam. The procedure is not cheap: it costs 3,500 - 6,000 rubles.
Renunciation of citizenship
Updated information! As of July 24, 2020, renunciation of citizenship is no longer required. This condition was removed from the law. No one needs to refuse. The information about renouncing citizenship described below is no longer relevant.
- GCitizenship
Refusal of Ukrainian citizenship upon receipt of Russian citizenship
- Elena Voropaeva
- 08.08.2019
There is always confusion and confusion around this term. Migrants who do not delve into legal terminology think that by renouncing citizenship, they cease to be considered citizens of their original state. The situation is different. The refusal that is required from future Russians is a simple formality and you will not lose your former citizenship as a result of refusal.
The procedure itself looks like this: a foreign citizen applies to a notary. A refusal is drawn up - a document indicating that the person renounces citizenship because he is acquiring Russian citizenship.
This is what an application for renunciation of citizenship looks like
A copy of the paper is made and notarized. Next, the original is sent by registered mail (not valuable, there is no need to make an inventory of the attachment) to the consulate of your country in Russia. A copy and a receipt for sending the letter are included in the package of documents that are submitted for admission to Russian citizenship.
The consulate, having received the document, will put it in the archive, or even throw it in the trash. No one will deprive you of citizenship on the basis of this paper.
- GCitizenship
Documents for Russian citizenship: lists for general and simplified registration
- Elena Voropaeva
- 24.08.2020
However, such a formal refusal is enough for Russia to accept a person as one of its citizens. To lose citizenship, a more serious, lengthy and expensive procedure is needed. In many states, a person can resign from citizenship only by decision of the president.
Only migrants who are registered under the “Russian Speaker” program should make a complete renunciation of their previous citizenship. Only citizens of Ukraine and Tajikistan can do without an exit when filing under the NRN.
Neither refusal nor renunciation of citizenship is required from:
- refugees;
- foreigners who have been granted political asylum in Russia;
- citizens receiving citizenship under a quadripartite agreement;
- immigrants from the Republic of Tajikistan;
- WWII veterans applying under Part 5 of Article 14 of Federal Law No. 62.
Confirmation of income is a condition for Russian citizenship only for applicants in accordance with the general procedure
A foreigner will receive a Russian passport if he fulfills the legal requirement to confirm income. But after changes were made to the legislation, this condition was left only for those applicants who apply for citizenship in the general manner, that is, on the basis of five years of residence under a residence permit.
Applicants applying for a Russian passport through a simplified scheme do not have to provide income certificates.
Candidates must have an official source of income , since the Russian authorities are interested, first of all, in those citizens who can provide for themselves.
- GCitizenship
○ How to record citizenship when filling out forms?
When filling out the questionnaire, you should rely on the following rule:
- When indicating citizenship, you should write the specific country.
- When indicating nationality - ethnic group.
Therefore, when filling out the form, you must indicate:
- Citizenship is the Russian Federation, since he has a passport from this country. Specifying “Russia” would be incorrect.
- Nationality Russian.
✔ When applying for a visa.
You must indicate the country in the nominative case, in Latin letters. That is, “Russian Federation” must be written. When filling out visa forms, it is possible to indicate “Russia”, but it is not considered official, so the application may be rejected from consideration.
✔ Upon receipt of a residence permit.
It is necessary to indicate the country whose passport is in the hands of the migrant applying for a residence permit. For example, "Uzbekistan". You can indicate “citizen of Uzbekistan”.
✔ When registering for permanent residence.
Russians must have permanent or temporary registration on the territory of the Russian Federation. When registering for permanent residence, that is, at the place of residence, it is necessary to transfer the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation to the OVM. A stamp will be placed on a specific page.
When filling out an application for permanent registration, you must indicate your citizenship - “Russian Federation”, since this is what our country is officially called.
✔ When applying for citizenship.
The same as always - the official name of the country. If this is Russia, then “Russian Federation” or “Russian Federation” is indicated.
Basic writing rules
In case of dual citizenship , affiliation with a particular country is indicated in the chronology of granting, indicating the date of receipt.
It will not be superfluous to indicate the series of each civil passport with the date of issue.
Stateless persons fill out the column indicating their affiliation with the country by simply putting a dash through, or indicate that they do not have citizenship.
In this case, the correct formatting option should also be clarified with the inspectors receiving the documents, so that due to this minor error the documents are not returned without consideration.
Citizenship and nationality are two different concepts . Therefore, the indication “Russian citizenship” will be incorrect. A person can be Kazakh by nationality and have a Belarusian civil passport. This is the most common mistake when filling out documents at the territorial department of the migration service. However, the inspectors of the Office for Migration Issues are always on the alert and do not miss such mistakes.
Reference! In forms that do not provide for a strict procedure for filling out, more free options are allowed, for example, citizen of the Russian Federation. We are talking about documents such as explanatory notes, reports, resumes, etc.
They are filled out randomly and from their contents it is clear what the applicant meant.
○ How to fill out the item if you have dual citizenship.
The definition of “dual citizenship” is given in Art. 6 of Law No. 62 - Federal Law. From the provisions of this law it follows that the Russian Federation has concluded an agreement on dual citizenship with only 2 countries:
- Tajikistan.
- Turkmenistan.
The agreement with the latter country has already lost force, so only those who obtained it between December 23, 1993 and May 18, 2015 can have dual citizenship. It was during this time period that the agreement with Turkmenistan was in effect.
When filling out some forms and applications, you must indicate the fact of dual citizenship. It will be necessary to clarify the passport details and official status of the migrant.
Citizens born in the USSR
Civil status in the documents filled out by the applicant is the same as in a passport. Those born before February 6, 1992 write USSR in the field indicating their country of birth. These are the requirements of the regulations of the Federal Migration Service of the Russian Federation. In this case, it does not matter how the papers are submitted - in person at the FMS office or through the government services website.
In practice, Schengen territories also require writing USSR for persons born before 02/06/1992.
Sample of filling out the citizenship column in the Schengen application form.
Exceptions:
- France (the current name of the state is indicated).
- Czech Republic (in the “Country of Birth” column – RUS, in the “Citizenship at Birth” column – “SUN”).
- Sweden (“Country of birth” – USSR or Russia, depending on the name in the passport).
Also, the USSR is not in the list of states in the “Country of Birth” column of the online application form for Schengen. In this case, the state in which the place of birth is currently located is selected.
○ Advice from a lawyer:
✔ Is it possible to indicate “national of the Russian Federation” when filling out foreign documents?
It is forbidden. “Nationality” is issued only in countries that have a monarchical system. For example, a British citizen. Since Russia has a completely different form of government, you need to use “citizen of the Russian Federation.” But, when filling out official documents, this is incorrect. It is necessary to indicate the name of the country in the nominative case, namely “Russian Federation”. In rare cases, you can register “RF” or “citizen of the Russian Federation”.
Having two or more passports - is it necessary to indicate a second citizenship in the application form?
Let's look at which countries will allow second Russian citizenship in 2021. The Federal Law (FL) “On Citizenship of the Russian Federation” provides a definition of dual citizenship: a Russian citizen has the status of a citizen of a foreign state. A similar legal status can be obtained in states that have concluded a bilateral treaty.
Obtaining some permits a priori requires indicating the presence of a previous, second or dual citizenship. And in this case you will have to use a detailed description. Having dual citizenship is responsible for clarifying passport data and existing status.
By the way, which syllable should be stressed in the word?
? In standard forms, stress is not recorded, so this issue does not require detailed consideration. If you have recently arrived in Russia and are trying to pronounce words correctly in Russian, you need to remember that the stress in the word is placed on the second syllable.
Recommendation. Before filling out the “Citizenship” column in the application form, please clarify how to correctly write: “Russian Federation”, whether it is allowed to use an abbreviated version of the abbreviation “RF”, or whether the requirements of the regulations established the spelling as “Citizen of the Russian Federation”. Regardless of the correct version, the word is written in the nominative case.
What is it regulated by?
When filling out forms, you need to proceed:
- From the requirements of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
- From the rules for filling out, established by the regulations of the relevant departments.
- From the language in which the document is filled out.
Indicating the abbreviated form “RF” is almost always acceptable in Russian documents - but its analogue in the Latin alphabet “RF” should not be used in foreign language documents: in English “Russian Federation” can be abbreviated this way, but in French the full form of the name of our state will be “ Fédération de Russie”, and the abbreviation, accordingly, will be “FR”. Therefore, in order to avoid mistakes, you should not shorten the name here.
Where to indicate
Citizenship of citizens is indicated in almost all documents relating to various areas of social activity, namely:
- in national and foreign passports
- on the birth certificate
- in a certificate confirming the conclusion of a marriage union;
- in application forms when applying for a job, receiving any documents, and so on
- in certificates confirming the status of a citizen of the Russian Federation, family composition, registration, etc.
- in extracts made by specialists based on data from other documents
- other documents where the fact of establishing citizenship is required
Lowercase or capital letter
According to generally accepted rules in official documents, the column is filled in with a capital letter. Both parts of the name (Russian Federation) are written exclusively in the nominative case. The exception to these rules is those situations in which the word “citizen” is also needed. The case in them is not nominative, and the word itself is written with a small letter.
Important clarification: it is best to fill out the column in block letters. Abbreviations should not be used under any circumstances. If everything is done according to the rules and the text is legible, the likelihood of rejection will be minimal.
In unofficial or semi-official documents (for example, statutory, intra-organizational) other writing options are allowed for those completing them.
What are the consequences of errors in indicating citizenship?
The presence of an error, typo or incorrect filling of the document are the reasons for its invalidity.
If citizenship is incorrectly indicated in the application, questionnaire, etc. for the issuance of a national or foreign passport, visa, residence permit, etc., then the issuance of the corresponding document may be refused.
In turn, refusal to issue documents leads to the waste of additional time and money to pay the state fee, as well as to the refusal of entry into the territory of another state.
