For how long are sick leave issued?
Women are given a long period of rest during pregnancy and childbirth, when the timing becomes quite serious. This is a general rule that applies to everyone.
Specific numbers have the following description:
- Upon reaching 30 weeks, when the pregnancy is singleton.
- 28 weeks - when three or more children are born.
The duration of the certificate of incapacity for work in the case of pregnancy and childbirth is written in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, in article 255.
The legislators considered that given such deadlines, the citizen would have serious difficulties in performing her work duties. Preparing for the birth of a baby takes a woman’s strength and health.
But there are opportunities to book your vacation earlier. For example, during the first trimester of pregnancy. The baby's development needs to be monitored. The main thing is the presence of solid and valid reasons. The doctor and the employer must understand that ignoring them only leads to negative consequences.
Expectant mothers are advised to listen to any pain and what leads to discomfort. If you respond to problems in time, it is easier to get rid of complications later.
No one has the right to refuse to issue sick leave certificates. The rule applies throughout the entire pregnancy. It doesn't matter what time frame we're talking about.
Registration not due to illness
It happens that you need to justify your absence from work using a certificate of incapacity for work.
The easiest way is to pretend to be sick and come to see a neurologist, citing back or neck pain. As a rule, such diseases often bother people, and it will be quite difficult for a specialist to catch a patient in a lie. This way you can get a certificate of temporary disability for a fairly decent period. The main thing is to complain about your problem correctly and not to overact.
Another method is considered a last resort and is unsafe for health. It's important not to overdo it here. Most people are allergic to one or another food product (berries, nuts or sweets). It is quite difficult even for a professional to distinguish allergies from colds, since the symptoms of these diseases are very similar. The main thing is to stock up on antihistamines to quickly get back in order.
You can go to a specialist and complain about a migraine and constant chills, or while checking your blood pressure, tense your leg muscles and rest your heels on the floor. The pressure will rise to a very high level. This in turn guarantees quick sick leave. If you are confident that the doctor will be ready to help in “trouble” for a monetary reward, then you can safely resort to this method. However, if a specialist is not a supporter of bribes, then it is better not to risk it and contact a paid clinic, where they will be more willing to help deal with such a problem.
Who has the right to give sick leave?
When detecting the first deviations and feeling unwell, women should contact a gynecologist. After that they register. The services of private and public clinics are equally suitable. The main thing is that the condition is monitored by a doctor with sufficiently high qualifications. The form of observation and other features are not paid attention to.
It is required to undergo examination by doctors of other specialties, including:
- Cardiologist.
- Immunologist.
- Ophthalmologist.
- Laura.
- Dentist.
- Endocrinologist.
- Service with a gynecologist
Gynecologists are doctors who monitor pregnancy throughout the entire period, from the initial stages until the moment the child is born. Even when there are no complications, visits to doctors are necessary. The responsibilities of such doctors include constant monitoring of the patients' condition.
Here are some of the reasons why local doctors most often issue sick leave:
- Pathologies associated with fetal development.
- Problems with uterine tone.
- Complaints due to increased blood pressure.
- The appearance of edema.
- Deterioration in health.
- The occurrence of infections and sexually transmitted diseases.
- Threat associated with termination of pregnancy.
- Toxicosis.
Even if the complaint does not relate to gynecology, it should not be ignored. It's better to just tell your doctor about your current condition. Based on the results of the conversation, he writes out a referral to a doctor of a certain profile. Next, he identifies the level of malaise and issues a certificate of incapacity for work.
Certificate of incapacity for work issued by a general practitioner
Poor health of a pregnant woman as a reason to go on sick leave
A pregnant woman can get a consultation with a general practitioner either at the clinic at her place of residence or at the antenatal clinic. A visit to such a specialist may be due to the following symptoms:
- increase in body temperature;
- chills;
- pain in the throat area;
- discomfort when swallowing;
- presence of cough;
- presence of a runny nose
- ear pain or migraine.
All of the above symptoms are a direct sign of a cold or respiratory disease of viral etymology. If such symptoms are present, the general practitioner alone prescribes a sick leave for a period of 3 to 5 days. If, upon re-examination, the woman has not recovered, the doctor must extend the period of such a sheet for another 5 days.
If after 10 days the woman does not get better, the hospital therapist can add more only after an examination together with the head of the department, who certifies this document with his seal. To issue sick leave due to an acute respiratory illness for more than 10 days, there must be solid arguments.
If there are any, then the woman carrying the child is recommended to be hospitalized or receive inpatient treatment. What complaints do you most often see a general practitioner with? The most common complaints are pain in the back, lumbar region, and legs. The pain causes inconvenience to the expectant mother, hinders movement, and interferes with work. A sick leave certificate for such complaints can be issued by a neurologist.
The therapist may refuse to issue a sick leave certificate. This happens when there are deviations from the norm in test results, but without any clinical manifestations. For example, a slight decrease in the level of hemoglobin in the blood without accompanying dizziness, low blood pressure or fainting.
In such circumstances, the doctor's recommendation would be to take iron supplements. The hospital doctor will not be able to prescribe, since the results of the analysis do not interfere with the performance of official duties.
The therapist cannot issue a sick leave based on complaints of low blood pressure. Especially if this fact was not confirmed when measuring blood pressure in the doctor’s office.
When a woman is not yet registered
Children quickly pick up problems if left unchecked. The weakness of a small body and small size can end badly for pregnancy in general.
Therefore, constant monitoring throughout the first trimester becomes a mandatory requirement for everyone. The gynecologist may offer to undergo treatment in a hospital setting.
But sometimes it happens that expectant mothers do not have time to think about registering. Then you shouldn’t refuse sick leave. The procedure just has a few additional nuances:
- The first stage is to call a doctor at home to report how you are feeling.
- After this, the patient is taken to the hospital.
- An examination is performed on a gynecological chair.
- Registration at the place of residence is completed automatically when information regarding pregnancy is confirmed.
If she has the strength and opportunity, the woman herself can attend an appointment with a local therapist. From him they receive a referral for examination by a gynecologist. Then they also register. Even the lack of registration documents is not a reason to refuse to provide medical care.
Responsibility for purchasing sick leave
When buying paper, it is better to make sure that it is correctly formatted on a special form - it is very easy to spot a fake .
You can then refer to an error in a hospital or a private clinic issuing documents without a license. But the most logical conclusion would be: the sheet was bought - the employee skipped work.
Of course, you can agree with a loyal employer on compensation for damage voluntarily - in money or material assets.
But if relations with your superiors were already tense, a fake sick leave will be an excellent basis for a reprimand, reprimand, and even dismissal.
About the duration
The terms of sick leave for pregnant women and ordinary documents are no different from each other, they remain the same. Only a doctor can help determine exactly how long it will take to restore health.
The maximum validity period of one sick leave issued by a doctor is 15 days. This rule also applies to workers of any category, not just pregnant women. The duration of rest can be reduced if a dangerous condition is not identified. Such actions will not be illegal.
In case of hospitalization
If it is determined that the condition is dangerous for the mother and baby, a special commission is convened. But the decision of such commissions remains valid only if treatment is carried out not at home, but in a hospital. One of the important conditions is hospitalization of the patient. You cannot do without documentation according to all the rules.
In the case when the first period of treatment has expired, and residual effects still persist, doctors can decide to extend the rest time. It is often advised to move to a sanatorium for better care. This is a legal decision that cannot be challenged. The duration of treatment is 24 days.
Regarding the extension of sick leave
The general rules remain the same here; in each situation, only a number of nuances need to be taken into account.
When visiting a clinic.
If a patient turns to representatives of a hospital facility for sick leave and its extension, it means that the treatment itself takes place at home. The attending physician in such a situation does not have the right to make decisions regarding extension alone.
A medical commission will have to be convened to decide whether the patient needs an extension. The conclusion about the condition is made based on the study of several factors: doctor’s notes, documents and examination of the patient herself. After the commission makes a decision, the period of sick leave can be extended to a maximum of 10 months.
In the case of a hospital.
The examination is carried out when the first period of sick leave ends. Then they decide what kind of help from doctors is needed next. In a hospital setting, sick leave stay is increased by no more than 10 days.
After sanatorium-resort follow-up treatment.
Here the decision is made by the management of the institution itself. This is necessary if there is no improvement. Even after the sanatorium treatment is over. The law sets a maximum period for such situations - 24 days.
How to receive benefits for electronic sick leave according to temporary rules
In case of quarantine, the territorial body of the Social Insurance Fund at the place of registration of the policyholder will assign and pay temporary disability benefits. For example, a sick employee will be paid sick leave by the Social Insurance Fund of the region in which not he himself, but his employer, is registered.
Therefore, after the authorized regional medical organization generates an electronic sick leave certificate, the FSS itself will begin to find out who the insured is. To do this, a request will be sent to the Pension Fund information system.
After identifying the policyholder, the FSS will request from him the information necessary for the appointment and payment of temporary disability benefits in electronic form.
However, you can independently provide your policyholder with your electronic sick leave number. Then the policyholder will be obliged, without waiting for the FSS request, to transfer all the necessary information within two working days.
To receive temporary disability benefits for 2019-nCoV, you don’t need to do anything else.
If, as a general rule, the employer pays for sick leave after its expiration, the employee will receive the funds for the remotely issued certificate of incapacity for work in installments. The Social Insurance Fund will pay benefits within the following periods:
- for the first 7 calendar days of temporary disability - within one working day from the date of receipt from the insurer of the documents (information) necessary for the appointment and payment of benefits for temporary disability, but no later than the end of the seventh calendar day of temporary disability;
- for subsequent calendar days of temporary incapacity for work - within one calendar day from the date of the end of the period of temporary incapacity for work.
The procedure for issuing certificates of temporary release from work
For all workplaces, a mandatory requirement is to undergo certification and special checks. The purpose of the development is to determine the level of harmfulness and complexity of the situation in a particular place.
In some professions there are premiums for harmfulness. All directions fall under the rule. Even those where the factors are weak enough to damage health, but are dangerous during pregnancy. Release from work is the right of every citizen.
Refusal is illegal, and in the first days of the condition. Especially if conditions are created that can harm the mother and unborn child. Exemption is acceptable for the entire pregnancy, until the birth itself.
For such situations, the procedure will be as follows:
- A certificate listing harmful factors is issued to women by occupational safety engineers or human resources departments.
- After this, they contact a gynecologist, from a public or private clinic. The doctor confirms the state of pregnancy and gives a referral for examination by a medical commission. Only after passing all the examinations is the citizen registered. It is recommended to contact the institution at your place of permanent residence; problems often arise when interacting with commercial services.
- To undergo an examination by a medical commission, a woman must have a certificate from her place of work, a passport and an outpatient card, a referral. It is after this appointment that an official exemption from work is issued.
- The received certificate is transferred to the personnel department of the enterprise with which the employment agreement was signed.
New issuance procedure
The previous procedure for issuance and registration is replaced by Order of the Ministry of Health No. 925n dated September 1, 2021. Now the rules are prescribed for electronic certificates of incapacity for work.
In order for a medical institution to issue sick leave electronically, the patient must give written consent, show a passport (or other identification document) and SNILS. For the paper version, a passport is sufficient. When applying for electronic sick leave to care for sick family members, you will need their SNILS (if any).
If the certificate of incapacity for work has a continuation, it can be obtained in paper or electronic form. It does not matter in what format the primary sheet was issued.
Only those employers who have entered into an agreement on information interaction with the regional department of social insurance and have acquired an enhanced qualified electronic signature (ECES) can accept electronic sick leave.
The list of those entitled to sick leave has become longer. They added:
- managers who are listed as the only participants (founders, property owners) of their organization;
- convicts who are serving imprisonment and involved in paid work.
Information has appeared about whom a certificate of incapacity for work will be issued only in paper form:
- for the unemployed, to confirm a valid reason for failure to appear at government employment offices;
- women dismissed due to the liquidation of an organization if they became pregnant within 12 months before they registered at the labor exchange as unemployed.
Possible grounds for sick leave
Without a timely visit to a therapist, you will not be able to receive a referral to doctors of another profile. This is relevant in the presence of symptoms that are not related to the pathologies of pregnancy itself.
Colds and flu
Acute respiratory colds (ARI, ARVI) are a problem that pregnant women face most often, like other people. Pregnancy has a particularly acute effect on immunity and contributes to its decline. Complications arise, including due to the ban on taking certain types of medications during pregnancy.
What to do during pregnancy
During pregnancy, many women feel tired, lethargic, and general weakness at work, but all tests are normal and there are no official reasons for taking sick leave. Sometimes you want to take a break from the hassle and bustle of work for a couple of days, then you should try contacting a therapist or gynecologist. The result of your visit greatly depends on the doctor you talk to; some will calmly write you a sick leave even with a slight runny nose, while others may refuse even if you have serious pain.
Women who have tested it from their own experience recommend citing severe toxicosis, sensitivity to unpleasant odors, general weakness and poor health. You may complain of a sore throat and fever. Or honestly say that the work is very tiring, nerve-wracking, and against the background of this, the state of health deteriorates greatly, because this often happens. Many doctors are loyal to pregnant women, so don’t worry, because the most important thing is the health of the child.
