Should an internship be paid, what are its pros and cons?

What is an internship as part of occupational health and safety training?

When should you do an internship?

What is a harmful production factor? Hazardous production factor?

How not to make a mistake when deciding whether to conduct an internship?

Who can be appointed as a trainee?

How is permission to work independently obtained?

What are the requirements for conducting an internship in the Draft New Procedure for Occupational Safety and Health Training?

Internship or probationary period?

To understand which form of preliminary cooperation is best to choose during the preparatory period, consider the functional differences between an internship and a probationary period.

The probationary period is an integral part of the employment contract. It can be provided for in both fixed-term and open-ended contracts. The presence of such a norm means that the employee must prove that he is capable of performing the functions assigned to him. The probationary period must be paid (the employment agreement may provide for a slightly reduced level of payment compared to permanent employees). If an employee does not complete the probationary period, the administration has every right to terminate the employment relationship with him upon its completion, regardless of the period that was originally provided for by the employment contract.

Internships are not clearly defined by labor legislation. It can be divided into apprenticeship (student), in the form of acquiring practical skills, and internship for potential candidates for positions. In the first case, pupils (students) themselves are interested in acquiring skills, so payment for such activities from the employer is not necessary. In the second case, the relationship between the trainee and the company must be regulated by separate documents. Depending on its conditions, the need to pay for such work is determined.

Often, in order to avoid orders for violation of the law, companies enter into fixed-term contracts with trainees during the internship period, defining the powers, functions, responsibilities of the parties and payment for such actions. If a full-time employee is undergoing an internship (for example, for a higher position), he is simply kept the average salary at his main place of work.

Remember, if a potential employer offers an internship before official employment, it is advisable to formalize such a relationship in writing to avoid misunderstandings in the future.

Police salaries

Back in 2011, the Russian government determined the minimum and maximum salaries for employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and they were set at 6,000 rubles and 45,000 rubles. The first amount reflects the reality for the cadets, and the second - for the deputy minister. How are things today?

After so many years, these numbers are, of course, higher - there were indexations, allowances changed, orders were adjusted. But in general, not everyone can boast of large incomes.

Even in 2021, police salaries still did not exceed 25,000 rubles for many. But this is still some kind of basis.

What does a police officer's salary consist of?

The salary of a police officer consists of a salary and bonuses. Both depend on a number of factors: length of service, rank, level of education, social benefits and the availability of allowances. The latter include additional payments for the complexity and intensity of the work and additional payments for working with secret documents.

Ultimately, these factors influence how much a junior police lieutenant, trainee, or experienced employee earns.

Federal and Moscow allowances deserve special attention. Thus, employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs living in the Moscow region receive a 35% salary increase. This privilege is explained by the high cost of living in Moscow and the need to compensate workers for their initially low salaries: police salaries are only about 40,000 rubles.

As for general federal bonuses, for example, once upon a time, police officers, and now police officers serving in conditions of increased danger, were entitled to a bonus of 60% of their salary. The allowances are slightly lower for employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs who work with secret documents and dog handlers - 35% and 20%, respectively.

There is also an incentive for closing the case. A similar increase in salary in the police can reach 40%. Employees are also paid extra for additional hours of work.

In addition to bonuses, employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs receive bonuses and financial assistance. Unfortunately, recently the list of social benefits has undergone changes, and now law enforcement officers are not always entitled to, for example, a “thirteenth” salary and a benefit for paying for kindergarten. The amount of annual financial assistance was also reduced.

According to country statistics, police officers with experience from 5 to 15 years have a salary in the range of 25,000 - 30,000 rubles. Employees with officer ranks earn higher earnings: after working in the police from 5 to 15 years, they receive from 36,000 to 42,000 rubles. It’s not hard to guess how much a junior police lieutenant earns, much less a trainee—even less.

For unscrupulous employees, the police have developed a system of fines, which can not only negatively affect the amount of salary, but also lead to the dismissal of the employee. Reasons for such a reduction may include unauthorized leaving work for more than 4 hours and failure to pass certification. Considering that the police force is overcrowded, unscrupulous employees should not count on leniency from their superiors.

Advantages and disadvantages of internship for parties to labor relations

Let's consider the positive and negative aspects of the internship from the point of view of a potential candidate for the position.

Among the positive aspects it is worth highlighting:

• the opportunity to gain additional knowledge from experienced mentors;
• during the internship, the candidate does not bear full responsibility for the final result of his work;
• An internship allows you to determine how well the proposed position meets your expectations;
• usually the duration of the internship does not exceed a month (ranges from two weeks to a month);
• the candidate for the position does not undertake any labor obligations, and therefore can terminate such relationships at any time without any work.

Regarding the negative points, the following stand out:

• there is no guarantee that at the end of the internship you will be hired as a permanent employee;
• Some companies invite several potential candidates for training at the same time. And then they simply use their rational ideas and those proposed. As a bonus for future employment;
• in the absence of any written agreements (or if such agreements do not contain such a section), such activities are carried out free of charge.

Remember, it is beneficial for an employer to intern a citizen for free, use his ideas and rational proposals without any obligation to pay or compensate for them.

Is an internship considered work activity?

The Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Article 1) provides that labor law covers activities related to the training and additional professional education of employees at a specific employer. At the same time, Art. 59 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation provides for the conclusion of fixed-term labor agreements with employees for the period of additional education in the form of training.

The legislative framework

Certain legal norms that are related to internships are contained in articles of law.

Thus, it turns out that the main point of completing an internship is that it is carried out for citizens entering work for the first time. Main goals: mastering the necessary professional skills or confirming existing ones.

How is an internship paid according to Russian legislation?

According to labor legislation, payment for periods of acquiring practical skills will depend on the conditions for formalizing such relationships. Let's look at the key points of how this is done in practice.

When concluding an apprenticeship (student) agreement. In production, such a trainee receives nothing. But for the entire duration of his internship, he will be paid a stipend in the amount assigned by the educational institution.

During the execution of a fixed-term contract. If the training period is formalized by an individual agreement between the administration and a potential candidate for the position, the amount of compensation payments will be governed by this agreement. The amount of payment is determined by the collective agreement, but cannot be lower than the minimum wage determined by law. Typically, interns are entitled to 50–70% of a full-time employee's salary.

When training is carried out at one (different) enterprises with the employee separated from his main activity. In this case, it must be formalized by order at the main place of work and the worker retains the average salary for the entire period of such study. By agreement between companies, the employee’s labor may be partially (or fully) compensated. Typically, this scheme is used in cases where this is a candidate for an existing vacancy.

Remember, any type of activity must be formalized in a written agreement. Only in this way will the employee be able to protect himself from the arbitrariness of the employer and accurately understand the conditions under which he undergoes preliminary training.

Admission conditions

Subject to official acceptance for an internship (that is, with the conclusion of an employment contract), the intern is subject to all the same rights as other employees. This means that he has the right to receive wages for hours actually worked, breaks at work, days off, etc. The employer is also obliged to pay all taxes and contributions for him.

As for job responsibilities, they are specified in more detail in the employment contract. Most often, the intern is not assigned any serious tasks, and he only helps the company specialists with whom he is training.

Many enterprises (especially state-owned ones), when hiring an employee for an internship, assign him a supervisor from among the permanent employees, who will be responsible for his training. A work plan and a list of issues that he must study during the test are also drawn up for the trainee.

After completing the internship, the employee must write a report indicating what exactly he learned during this period.

Also, the supervisor must evaluate the success of his training and work, documenting this in a special document (most often it is called a review of the intern or a conclusion based on the results of the internship).

How to hire an intern?

It should be noted that labor relations between a citizen and the administration usually begin after the conclusion of a full-fledged employment agreement and the introduction of a candidate to the permanent or temporary staff of the company.

At the same time, to confirm the trainee’s right to legally be on the company’s territory, to have access to tools, equipment, and information. Materials, it is necessary to conclude a fixed-term internship agreement with him. At the end of the period of validity of this agreement, it is advisable to conduct certification (test, test of knowledge, skills, interview) of a potential candidate, based on the results of which a decision should be made to transfer him to a permanent staff. If this stage is failed, an employment contract is simply not signed with the candidate.

In this case, the fixed-term contract is terminated, and a new full-fledged employment contract is concluded with the employee. At the same time, two entries can be made in the work book (on completion of training, as well as on hiring on a permanent staff).

As an option, an employment contract with a probationary period is immediately concluded with the citizen, during which his training is carried out. In this case, if the worker is not fired at the end of the probationary period, he is considered to have been accepted on a general basis. There is no need to issue any orders here. But in order to be dismissed, you will need to prepare a documentary justification for the employee’s inadequacy for the position held.

Remember, the trainee becomes a full-fledged employee only after signing an order appointing him to such a position.

Will income tax be withheld from sick leave in 2021?

An extract of a document confirming the fact of the employee’s incapacity for work must be drawn up in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health “On approval of the Procedure for the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation to verify compliance with the procedure for issuing, extending and issuing certificates of incapacity for work” No. 1345 dated December 21, 2012.

Since sick leave benefits are part of the employee’s income, they must be subject to income tax. Clause 1 of Art.

If the employee has the right to tax deductions, then income tax is withheld not from the entire salary, but taking them into account. A criminal cockerel living according to the laws of the cockerel zone. ex-

Captain Club Member Information not available. Re: income tax Quote: Message from Bely A criminal cockerel living according to the laws of the cockerel zone. Well, of course. WOOLEN are in power today. They divided the empire.

All revolutionaries are mentally ill degenerates, the majority of whom end up on the gallows, and the minority become great people, hanged people and great people are one and the same... G. Klimov oberst Club member - veteran of the Ministry of Internal Affairs Information not available. Re: income tax If you freak out, you'll get your childlessness tax back! We paid at the time.

Well, they’ll return 13 percent, so what?

A break in the application, including distant” higher education - upon receipt of disability assigned in accordance with the Federal Law of December 25, 2006 256-FZ “On additional measures of state support for families with children”, persons who have received a certificate can dispose of the funds maternal (family) capital in full or in parts in the following areas: 1) improvement of housing conditions,

Can an intern defend his right to pay?

Considering that the employer is usually interested in limiting the potential employee from production (injuries, exposure to harmful factors), as well as commercial risks (disclosure of various commercial information and data), before starting cooperation with the trainee, he conducts instructions on labor protection, safety precautions, and concludes various written agreements, offer to sign non-disclosure obligations.

Having copies of such documents in hand, a candidate for a position can prove through the labor inspectorate or court that he was engaged in labor activity in the sense of Art. 1 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and demand payment for this period.

Remember, such a mechanism is only possible if the citizen is not on the staff of another company (educational institution) and was sent here to increase the existing level of knowledge.

Results

Internship – opportunity (or necessity):

• for the employee – to obtain the necessary knowledge and skills for independent work;
• for the employer - to make sure that the employee is able to work in his place in compliance with the requirements of all external and internal regulations.

The obligation and duration of the internship are determined by the specifics of the specific job.

Sources: Labor Code of the Russian Federation

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Vacation and sick leave during internship

If a person suddenly gets sick during training or needs a vacation, then in this case the following nuances should be taken into account:

• Sick leave is paid only to employees who are on the company's payroll. Therefore, if the internship is carried out from another department or company, the sick leave will need to be transferred there to the accounting department for payment;
• paid leave is granted to employees (except for socially protected groups of the population) who have worked for at least six months. But no one forbids you to book a few days at your own expense.
• a fixed-term employment contract concluded for the period of practice can be “shifted” by the number of days the candidate is absent from the position (illness, vacation) without the need to renew it. This simply needs to be indicated at the time of its conclusion. The supporting document will be a sick leave certificate, an order for free leave, an additional agreement to the contract.

Do the police pay taxes?

Is it really true that the same local police officer, fire inspector and other representatives of regulatory authorities do not know all these unofficial workshops in their areas? Is this really beneficial for someone? Is it really the existing government? Involuntarily, you begin to think…” writes P.

However, the rates and amount of tax payments depend on a number of factors: the age of the taxpayer, the commune where he is registered, the total amount of earnings, the type of employment - employee or private entrepreneur - and others.

For example, the bonus for local police officers will be 30% more than the remuneration of a traffic police officer.

True, social benefits were reduced as a result of the reform. Thus, salaries and benefits for kindergartens for children of police officers were canceled, and the amount of financial assistance provided was reduced.

In addition, the state is trying to make the approach to each employee individual.

At the same time, there is also a system of fines. For various violations, for example, leaving work for more than 4 hours, the boss may deprive the bonus; there are other sanctions.

Of course, the latter areas are also financed from regional budgets, but now they can no longer bear this load, cracking under the weight of the crisis and the “May decrees.”

What is more important for citizens - the army and the police or education and health? What comes first? I would, without a doubt, choose the latter and, without a doubt, I would prefer to support these particular expenses with my money.

This is what the essence of the reform should be: firstly, we must see how much we actually receive, and through this understand that we are the source of power in the country, and secondly, determine the purposes for which taxes are spent, influence their choice both indirectly and directly.

It is interesting that, according to a sociological study conducted in the early 1990s in Russia, the priorities for citizens are medicine and education, while the army and police lag behind by a significant margin.

Bonus based on internship results

Typically, bonuses are calculated and paid to employees for fulfilling specific production targets or particularly important assignments. In the case of an internship, a potential candidate for a position has not yet been allowed to independently perform work functions, so it is not entirely correct to regard him as a full-fledged work unit.

At the same time, if the internship is long-term (up to six months), then bonuses are usually not provided for the first month of its completion. But such points must be stipulated in the company’s bonus regulations.

Remember, if employees of another enterprise improve their working level, then such students who improve their qualifications will not receive a bonus. At their main place of work, they retain an average salary, and at their place of practice they are not required to pay anything at all.