Edged weapons are weapons that are used to hit a target using human muscle power through direct contact with the target. Such weapons can be piercing, slashing, piercing-cutting, crushing, and the like. Therefore, edged weapons include Finnish knives, daggers, knives, checkers, sabers, stilettos, brass knuckles, dirks and other objects that are specially adapted or directly intended to hit a living target.
Weapons are not products that are certified as products for industrial or household purposes. These are garden, shoe, kitchen, penknives and the like. You should know that there is responsibility for storing and carrying bladed weapons in 2021. This should be taken into account when purchasing metal products of a piercing or cutting nature. The issue of recognizing a certain object as a cold weapon is decided by forensic examination.
Definition of bladed weapons
According to Article 1 of the Federal Law “On Weapons”, edged weapons include
, a weapon designed to hit a target using human muscle power in direct contact with the target.
The legislator distinguishes it into four types (with the exception of sports weapons):
- cold bladed hunting weapons (hunting knives);
- cold bladed weapons intended to be worn with a Cossack uniform or with the national costumes of the peoples of Russia, the attributes of which are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation;
- dirks;
- edged weapons of cultural value, copies and replicas of antique weapons.
Permit, license or certificate?
All permits are issued by the Licensing and Permitting Department (LPR) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs at the place of registration of the applicant. You can find out the location of the OLRR when choosing a weapon in a hunting store. The seller is obliged to issue a certificate for the selected blade model for review. Not every knife requires a license or permit, but having a certificate holder is highly desirable in case of law enforcement interest. Any knife belongs to a “piercing-cutting” instrument, but does not fall under the definition of “prohibited to be carried” if you have the appropriate confirming certificate on hand.
- The license (see Article 9, Federal Law-150 “On Weapons”) for the acquisition of collectible edged weapons is valid for 6 months, giving the right to collect and exhibit – indefinitely.
The acquisition of sporting and hunting bladed weapons is not licensed.
Required documents:
- Application in the approved form.
- Identity card of a citizen of the Russian Federation (passport).
- Two photos 3x4 cm.
- Data on the conditions for storing weapons (a report with a conclusion is drawn up by the district police officer).
There are no monetary fees when issuing a license.
- A license (at the same time a permit) for wearing with a national and Cossack uniform ( Article 13 of the Federal Law-150 ) - for a period of 5 years, available to citizens of the Russian Federation who have reached the age of 18 years. Up to 5 units of the specified weapons are purchased under one license; within two weeks they must be registered with the federal executive body.
- Permit for hunting bladed weapons – Article 13. FZ-150, for citizens who have a permit for hunting firearms (hunting license).
In both cases, the following are added to the previously specified list of documents:
- medical certificate confirming the absence of contraindications to owning a weapon
- confirmation of payment of the state duty (from October 2021 it is 500 rubles).
The easiest way to obtain permits is in your personal account on the State Services ; to do this, you need to find it in the Ministry of Internal Affairs (Security and Law and Order) section.
Obtaining a permit for edged weapons through State Services
To obtain a license or permit, however, you will have to contact the licensing and permitting department (the address to which you intend to apply is indicated when registering the application on the State Services website). All electronic copies of documents attached to the application must be clear and easily readable.
When submitting an application through the State Services service, a permit document is issued within 2 weeks from the date of application.
- For all other types of blades, a certificate is required confirming that the blade worn by the owner is not a bladed weapon and is not prohibited for circulation on the territory of the Russian Federation (for some types of knives, the bases are shown in the table; a certificate for any legally produced brand of knife can be found on the Internet on the forums " knife makers").
| Blade type | The reason why knives are not edged weapons | Note |
| Cutting and skinning | An injury-proof handle is acceptable for a blade thickness with a butt thickness of up to 2.4 mm inclusive | A variant of an acceptable barrel-shaped safety handle without a limiter with a difference in minimum and maximum diameters of over 8 mm |
| Folding knives with blade length up to 150 mm | If in the folded position the blade does not exceed the length of the handle | excluding knives with dagger or stiletto blades |
| Nepalese kukri knives, karambits | upward deflection (see figure) more than 15 mm | |
| Serrated (wavy or sawtooth cutting edge) | Not mentioned in prohibiting articles of the law |
Restrictions
Restrictions on characteristics and carrying of edged weapons
(Article 6 of the Federal Law “On Weapons”):
- Carrying bladed weapons for self-defense is prohibited
; - the presence of edged weapons in legal circulation is excluded: if, with a blade length of more than 9 cm
, it is automatically removed from the handle and fixed using a lever or button when pressed, or removed from the handle under the influence of gravity or accelerated movement, automatically locking (inertial knives) .
listed in the last paragraph do not apply
to bladed weapons of cultural value, ancient (antique) weapons, their copies and replicas.
Is it a crime to possess a gun if it is defective and cannot fire?
Hello. Is it a crime to possess a gun if it is defective and cannot fire?
Lawyer Antonov A.P.
Good afternoon According to Part 1 of Article 222 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, illegal acquisition, transfer, sale, storage, transportation or carrying of firearms, their main parts, ammunition (with the exception of civilian smooth-bore long-barreled weapons, their main parts and cartridges for them, limited firearms defeat, its main parts and cartridges for it) - is punishable by restriction of freedom for a term of up to three years, or forced labor for a term of up to four years, or arrest for a term of up to six months, or imprisonment for a term of up to four years with a fine of up to eighty thousand rubles or in the amount of wages or other income of the convicted person for a period of up to three months or without it. The circulation of weapons as technical means that are structurally intended to destroy a living or other target and, therefore, capable of causing significant harm to the life and health of people, property and nature, not only creates an increased danger for these values protected by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, but is also associated with the threat of encroachment on other constitutionally significant values, including the foundations of the constitutional system, morality, rights and legitimate interests of citizens, state security, which requires the federal legislator to establish a mechanism for their protection within the framework of the legal regime for the circulation of weapons (Resolution of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation of June 29, 2012 N 16-P). One of the elements of such a mechanism is part one of Article 222 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the disposition of which is of a blanket nature, and therefore the assessment of the degree of certainty of the concepts contained in it must be carried out, as the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation has repeatedly indicated, based not only on the text of the law itself, the wording used , but also from their place in the system of normative regulations; regulatory norms that directly establish certain rules of behavior do not necessarily have to be contained in the same regulatory legal act as the norms establishing legal liability for their violation (resolutions of May 27, 2003 N 9-P and of February 14, 2013 N 4-P; definitions of April 21, 2005 N 122-O, of December 1, 2009 N 1486-O-O, of June 28, 2012 N 1253-O, etc.). The subject of the crime provided for in part one of Article 222 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation includes firearms, i.e. intended for mechanical destruction of a target at a distance by thrown equipment receiving directed movement due to the energy of a powder or other charge, a weapon and its main parts - barrel, bolt, drum, frame and receiver (Article 1 of the Federal Law “On Weapons”). At the same time, according to the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated March 12, 2002 N 5 “On judicial practice in cases of theft, extortion and illegal trafficking of weapons, ammunition, explosives and explosive devices”, liability under this article comes for illegal trafficking of not only usable for functional use, but also a faulty or training weapon, if it contained components suitable for use or if the person had the goal of bringing it into a usable condition and took any actions to realize this intention. Thus, the person’s actions are still criminal.
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Buying hunting knives
Who has the right to purchase hunting knives?
It is allowed to purchase hunting knives from the age of 18, if you have a permit to store and carry hunting weapons (permit of the ROX series for smooth-bore or rifled hunting weapons).
What documents are needed to purchase hunting knives?
- passport;
- permission to store and carry hunting weapons (permit of the ROX series for smooth-bore or rifled hunting weapons).
Hunting knives are not registered in licensing departments. When sold, they are registered by employees of gun stores in the books of a legal entity.
How many units of hunting knives can you purchase?
This quantity is not limited. You can buy at least a hundred of these knives. No collecting license required.
Rules for storing firearms
According to regulatory federal law No. 150, it is unacceptable to keep service firearms and civilian weapons in the public domain. It is necessary to purchase a special metal storage unit. May be kept together with ammunition. The second rule is that it must be kept in accordance with the place of registration indicated in the license.
Common myths:
- fastening the storage to the floor, wall;
- separate storage of ammunition;
- the need to collect, charge;
- alarm required;
- window grilles need to be installed;
- An electronic lock must be installed.
The list is easy to continue. Similar myths gave rise to legislative changes of the last century. Storage relocation is now allowed. The action should be coordinated in advance with the district or local branch of the Russian Guard or the National Guard.
Dirks
The right to own a dagger, which is a combat bladed weapon, is granted to employees of state paramilitary organizations who have been retired with the right to wear a military uniform.
They get the opportunity to own not just any dagger, but a specific copy issued upon dismissal.
This dagger is registered with the LRR unit of the Russian State Guard, where a permit from the RHNK series is issued for it (for storing and carrying a separate model of combat edged bladed weapon (dagger).
permissionsGetting permission to use dirkarticle
Dirk can be inherited
after the death of the owner, the heir is issued a permit from the RHK series (for storing a separate model of combat bladed weapons (dagger).
If you are interested in the issue of purchasing daggers that are antique weapons - manufactured before 1945, then their legal purchase is regulated by the same rules as the acquisition of weapons of cultural value, copies and replicas of antique weapons.
What kind of knife can you carry with you in Russia according to the law, without permission?
The law allows you to carry a bladed weapon whose blade length does not exceed 9 cm. If situations arise where it is necessary to verify the involvement of the weapon owner in a crime, a special examination will be carried out.
At what age can you carry edged weapons?
Federal legislation establishes certain temporary restrictions on the free carrying of weapons. So, if an item has household or economic use, you can wear it from any age.
True, you cannot take it with you to public places, airports, public areas with a large number of people, parades and other cultural events. Although, in the event of problematic issues involving minors, responsibility rests with the parents (guardians).
As for items that fall into the category of edged weapons, they can be worn after reaching the age of 18 and with a licensed license.
Types of safes
The owner is responsible for poor storage of bladed weapons. Safes are manufactured by entrepreneurs using modern technologies from innovative materials. They can hold any type of weapon, both firearms and sabers with dirks. Such metal cabinets are called:
Any type of military device can be stored in specialized weapons safes for a long time:
- gas pistols;
- small-caliber;
- hunting rifles.
The specialized box is equipped with holders for stable fixation. Collections are stored in separate boxes.
a brief description of
By what method a person tries to hit his opponent, this is the name given to military instruments that differ in purpose and direction of impact.
- Percussion. The worldwide distribution is small due to its specific species and impact-crushing actions. It is produced by handicraft methods in the form of maces, flails, clubs, brass knuckles, clubs, handhelds, and cue balls. Manufacturers are mostly criminals; they use crude, improvised parts for production.
- Throwing. A rare species, not popular among militants. In combat, weapons are used for greater effectiveness against long-range hits. They destroy enemies with crossbows, bows, throwing knives, small in size with a balanced shape.
- Stabbing. Such equipment causes damage to human organs with one blow. It is enough to penetrate a vital artery to remove the opposite side from its normal state. Knives consist of 1-2 blades.
Over the course of human history, each country created its own axes, axes, pikes, and tridents. Over time, weapons changed and became museum exhibits. Now in society, in order not to fall under the article, you need to know the law, be able to defend your rights if a police representative defines a folding weapon found in a bag or a kitchen item purchased in a store, for which no special permission is required, as a bladed weapon.
Fire resistance or burglary resistance of a safe, which is more important?
One of the important characteristics of gun safes is their fire resistance. Careless storage of small arms or gunpowder in a safe will certainly lead to serious consequences. As for gunpowder, it can simply explode.
To prevent such unfortunate consequences, it is advisable to choose models that have an additional fire-resistant coating. This is usually stated in the descriptions of safe models by the manufacturer itself, which must be confirmed in the relevant quality certificates. However, from the manufacturers themselves you can hear about such safes with a hint of regret. And all because with such models it is impossible to guarantee reliable protection against hacking at the proper level. As an alternative, you can use the so-called “hybrid”, but you will have to spend a lot on it.
Administrative responsibility
Administrative liability occurs in the event of gross violations by the owner of the weapon. They may consist in the lack of appropriate permission or violation of transportation and storage rules. The amounts of fines are specified in the Administrative Code.
The rules for the circulation of bladed weapons themselves are formulated in the Federal Law. The procedure for the destruction or recording of certain species is also established there. Depending on the type of violation, an administrative fine may be imposed in an amount that varies from 500 rubles to 2000 rubles. In addition, administrative punishment means deprivation of a license or deprivation of the opportunity to obtain one. The duration of such sanctions can be up to 12 months.
Safes for better safety
Storage of edged weapons should be equipped similarly to smooth-bore and rifled weapons. Even though it does not shoot, it must be securely hidden and closed. The purpose of such tools is to hit an object through direct contact. Items certified for industrial or household needs can be kept loose, like household appliances; these include the following types of knives:
Despite the accuracy of the characteristic parameters, the type of device is determined by forensic examination. Storing edged weapons is prohibited in ordinary boxes for the same reason as for firearms: a stranger does not need to use it for its intended purpose. The owner is responsible for the improper maintenance of piercing and cutting equipment.
Classification by distinctive characteristics
Shopping centers offer a large assortment of beautiful knives. The law does not prohibit the purchase of household items; for the rest, special conditions and requirements are provided, these include the correct storage of edged weapons. There are different types of combat equipment, they differ in their purpose and characteristics.
Devices for injuring an enemy using the attacker’s muscles and physical strength are classified:
- diameter, handle volume;
- the size of the blade;
- metal quality;
- butt width.
A household sharp object will not turn into a weapon because it is used as a threat to a living creature. It will remain a kitchen knife, although the investigator will add it as evidence to the crime weapons.
