Learn more about what is included in housing and communal services. Studying the receipt

Payment of housing and communal services for garbage removal

In 2021, a bill was passed that aims to solve the pressing problem of waste disposal. Previously, fees for waste removal were linked to the general “house maintenance” item. According to the highest authorities, this state of affairs had a negative impact on the quality of service to the population.

From January 1, residents will be charged separately for waste removal. The general tariff is determined based on the cubic capacity of the apartment. According to general information, 2.5 rubles will be charged for each square meter of living space. This money will be used to pay for the services of companies with which residents will enter into an appropriate agreement. Depending on the company’s tariffs and the decisions made by the municipality, the final price for the population will be determined.

In 2021, regional operators will set tariffs in this area. Uniform rates will apply throughout the region, so the selected operator will take responsibility for all apartments. The prospects for the development of the above bill note the idea of ​​​​creating large waste processing enterprises that can serve several large regions simultaneously.

Normative base

Management companies are guided in their activities to provide services by the Housing Legislation of Russia dated December 29, 2004 (as amended on April 3, 2018).

Based on the Housing Legislation (Articles 155, 162, 164), provisions for payment for housing services have been developed, in Art. 12, 153-160 provides a set of Rules on the procedure for their provision, the system of control by government bodies over their timely provision and the quality of service for residents of the house.

For your information

Separate articles of Federal Law No. 210 of July 27, 2010 regulate the rules for the disposal of household waste and pricing in the field of housing and communal services provided to owners and tenants of residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building.

Also, the housing sector operates on the basis of decrees of Federal and local authorities, Decrees of the Government of Russia, and executive bodies of regional authorities.

The main legislative act is the Housing Code, which regulates the relationship between the management company and the residents of the house: it establishes the objects of housing rights of owners and tenants of residential premises:

• In Art. No. 1 contains the concept of housing law, it specifies the conditions for our citizens to exercise their legal right to housing, and also indicates the role of local authorities in the implementation of the legal rights of the population. It is entrusted with protection from attacks by third parties in the exercise of their housing rights, including judicial authorities, on the legal use of residential premises for their intended purpose.
• In Art. No. 5 establishes that Housing Law arises from the totality of not only Federal Laws and Acts, but also from Decrees of local authorities of regional significance.

Among the Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation are the following decrees:

• From 07.05. 2012 No. 600 “On government measures to provide housing and quality housing services.”

Main legislative acts directly related to the provision of housing services to owners and tenants of residential and non-residential premises of an apartment building:

• RF GD dated 13.08. 2006 No. 491 “Rules for the maintenance of common property of owners...”.
• RF PP dated April 3, 2013 No. 290 “Minimum list of housing services provided to residents and a list of works aimed at improving the quality of living... and the maintenance of common household facilities.”
• RF PP No. 416 dated 15.05. 2013 “Procedure for managing apartment buildings.”
• Order of the State Construction Committee of the Russian Federation “Rules and norms for technical operation in multi-apartment residential buildings” dated September 27. 2003 No. 170.

Attention
All these and other Government Decrees are mandatory for all management companies; non-compliance or poor quality provision of these rules and regulations is unacceptable when providing housing services to residents in apartment buildings.

Payment for housing and communal services for hot water

Every citizen can install special devices in their apartment to measure hot water consumption. If there is a meter in the premises, payment for the use of hot water will be made according to generally accepted tariffs in the region. To calculate the fee for the resource used, the following formula is used:

Р=V*T

P – amount of payment for SHG;

V – volume of water recorded by the meter on a certain date of the month;

T – cost of an installed resource unit.

When using this formula, you must remember that it is not applicable to those apartments that are serviced at two-part tariffs.

In the absence of special accounting equipment in the apartment, a fundamentally different calculation formula is used:

Р=к*N*T

P is the amount of payment for SHG;

k - the number of residents of the house who are registered or temporarily reside in the apartment;

T – tariff applied within a specific region.

A subsidy is issued for hot water consumption if the owner has legal grounds to receive the benefit. The amount of the discount can be found in the receipt, which is created individually for each user.

Tariffication and tasks of tariff regulation

Federal regulations instruct local governments to gradually bring the tariffs for housing services provided to the population closer to those established for production facilities. Today, residents pay approximately 70% of the actual cost of all work performed on the maintenance and operation of apartment buildings.

The lack of funds is compensated by 100% of payments to resource supplying organizations by industrial production and similar companies and firms, through so-called subsidies. For them, the authorities have established a different tariff for services, at a real and not an underestimated cost.

Additional Information

The need for lower tariffs for the population is determined by social necessity: the level of wages and income of the population sometimes does not reach the minimum minimum wage, cities have to issue subsidies to pay for housing and other services, which are covered by funds coming from industry.

But gradually this practice will cease, and the entire population, as well as other consumers of resources, will pay at uniform rates and tariffs, without differences in social significance.

Payment of housing and communal services for the elevator

The new method of calculating fees for elevator cleaning and maintenance is aimed at maximizing the efficiency of providing services to the public. Under the new rules, the elevator is the common property of the owners of the apartment building. By making deductions under this article, the owner provides:

• creation of reliable communication with the dispatcher, maintenance of cabin equipment used for communication;
• carrying out repairs, inspections and technical adjustments of the cabin and the entire system;
• urgent service in case of an accident;
• carrying out technical examination;
• testing the system after replacing electrical equipment or additional elements.

It is worth considering that work on elevator maintenance is carried out constantly. The amount of payment for all of the above work is determined on the basis of the share that belongs to the specific owner. The share is defined as a percentage of the total property of the owners of an apartment building. Responsibility for paying for the work falls equally on all owners, regardless of what type of real estate a person owns and on what floor his own property is located.

Who provides housing services?

Different organizations can provide housing services - it depends on the form of house management adopted by the residents:

• The company managing an apartment building can independently provide the entire range of housing services required by residents, or, through its mediation, a third-party organization will do this for a separate monetary remuneration. But she will be the one responsible for any violations committed.
• Homeowners' Association. If the house is managed by an HOA, then a commercial firm or management company hired by the owners, specializing in this field of activity, can perform the duties of providing services. Here the Partnership will be directly responsible for all services provided, and the organization hired under a special contract will be responsible to it.
• A special company hired under a contract, if a form of direct management is adopted, here the commercial structure hired by the residents of the apartment building assumes all responsibility, therefore, all responsibility for maintenance, repair and control is assigned to it.

But whatever organization is engaged in housing services at home, it is obliged to organize:

• Work of the dispatch service on complaints from property owners and establish contacts with the city emergency service.
• Storage and maintenance of technical documentation for the entire residential building.
• Maintain technical control over all public utilities of the building, timely conclude relevant contracts and agreements with city services to ensure repair and emergency work.
• Preparation of special proposals for the implementation of upcoming work related to the maintenance of common property in proper condition, approval of the timing of current and major repairs.
• Calculation and collection of fees for the provision of housing services to owners and tenants of residential and non-residential premises of the house.
• Collection of accumulated debts by all legal means.
• Upon first request, immediately provide residents with all financial and other information regarding the services agreed upon in the contract.

Housing and communal services payment for electricity

In 2021, electricity tariffs will increase by 7.1%. Today, in addition to the cost of consumed kilowatts, the population also pays a subscription fee. It is not calculated according to established rules, but is charged in hard cash. Last year, citizens paid 20 rubles a month for the use of electrical appliances.

The state allows the installation of special meters in residential premises that record energy consumption at different times of the day. Thus, each consumer can distribute the day into three periods, assigning a certain value to each period. Such innovations allow for more efficient use of electricity and savings on utilities.

You can also reduce costs and save time by using the Internet to pay off your electricity debt. Today, every owner can access a special online service, which, if they have an active bank card, will allow them to pay off their bills without leaving home. Access to mobile applications is also free. When using some online services to pay for housing and communal services, no commission is charged.

The procedure for providing housing services

All basic housing services can be provided to residents based on payment for such services:

• For proper maintenance and timely repair of common property of residents and service equipment.
• Contribution of funds for current and major repairs.
• Tracking timely cash receipts from tenants of non-residential and residential premises.

All rules for the provision of appropriate services are stipulated in the RF Housing Code and the RF PP dated 13.08. 2006 No. 491.

Payment for housing and communal services for heat

Calculation of payments for heating has a fundamental difference from other areas of housing and communal services. The fact is that the basis for calculations is not the amount of heat consumed, but the total cubic capacity of the apartment. However, recently, special devices have begun to be introduced into everyday use that allow you to control the level of heat in the house as part of central heating. Meters allow you to significantly save money during the heating season. An example of calculating the amount of payment for heating is as follows.

At the end of the month, the heat meter recorded 3 gigacalories. According to the current regional tariff, 1 gigacalorie costs 1,200 rubles. The calculation will look like this:

3*1200 rubles=3 600 rubles

The lack of an metering device forces the use of generally accepted rules for calculating heating payments, according to which a certain amount of heat is required for each square meter of the apartment. Let's look at an example.

Regional authorities have established a tariff according to which 0.03 gigacalories per square meter of living space. According to the tariff, 1 gigacalorie costs 1,200 rubles. The total area of ​​the premises is 120 square meters. The calculation looks like this:

120*0.03*1,200=4,320 rubles

It is worth considering that for houses in which communal metering devices are installed, this calculation method is not used.

Functions and responsibilities of housing and communal services

The housing and communal services of an apartment building can function on the basis of an agreement on the provision of housing services concluded with the management company. Her responsibilities include:

• Compliance with sanitary and epidemiological provisions that ensure complete safety for the health and life of citizens living in the house, fire safety requirements to avoid spontaneous fire situations and ensure the safety of the common property of residents of the entire house.
• Allow citizens living in the house to use common property, including non-residential premises, freely, without any strict restrictions.
• Respect for the rights and protection of the interests of owners and tenants of home premises, in compliance with legislative norms.
• Maintaining all communication networks in good condition, monitoring the serviceability of metering instruments, calling repair teams in a timely manner to correct damaged public equipment.
• Ensuring the supply of all necessary resources for life support of citizens living in the house.
• The management company responds with its material interest to the owners and tenants of the premises for the uninterrupted supply of all resources, regardless of the degree of equipment of the house.

Qualitative indicators of service provision should not contradict the requirements established by law, which is also regulated by the Housing Code of the Russian Federation.

IMPORTANT

For failure to comply with norms and requirements, management will be responsible to the state and the owners of residential premises themselves.

In addition, the management of the management company should not interfere with familiarization with the financial documentation of the management company, inspection protocols by state supervisory authorities, and the list of services provided to verify their actual consumption by residents.

Payment for a housing and communal services janitor

Deductions to janitors who clean areas near entrances are made from the residents' cash receipts. This service is included in the structure of the “house maintenance” direction. It is from the fund of these deductions that payments are made to the janitors.

When paying for housing and communal services, residents pay for house maintenance services:

• cleaning areas, parks, sidewalks, roads that are located as close as possible to an apartment building;
• creation of lighting in the yard;
• systematically maintaining cleanliness around the house;
• measures for landscaping;
• maintaining optimal air humidity levels inside the house;
• creating a safe environment;
• waste removal.

These are not all the activities that are carried out within the framework of this housing and communal services. Based on the results of the general meeting of owners, decisions can be made to introduce changes in the area of ​​improvement of the territory.

What are housing services?

The definition of housing services includes services provided by the management company for the proper maintenance, management and repair of common property belonging to all residents by right of shared ownership:

Attention! If you have any questions, you can chat for free with a lawyer at the bottom of the screen or call Moscow; Saint Petersburg; Free call for all of Russia.

• The concept of “management” includes organizing the safety of all technical documentation for a residential building, collecting information about the owners and tenants of apartments, maintaining electronic document management, putting forward proposals for improving the maintenance and ongoing repairs of public places, etc.
• Maintenance includes services to ensure the proper operation of the equipment serving the house, cleaning of non-residential premises (entrances, flights of stairs, etc.) and courtyard areas, removal of solid household waste, replacement of failed lighting devices, heating of entrances, broken glass, etc. In winter This period includes clearing snow cover, clearing paths of ice, and knocking down icicles.
• Repair services include routine repairs of common areas, repairs of benches, fences, and doors.

Benefits for the provision of housing services

It is worth noting that the list of benefit categories for persons is established at the regional level; the list of beneficiaries may include low-income and large families, single pensioners and other categories of citizens.

Also, the provision of benefits is regulated by Federal laws on social support for disabled people, mothers raising their children alone, WWII veterans and military personnel.

Registration of benefits is based on an application submitted by the applicant to the management company, with the obligatory support of evidentiary documentation about the existence of the right to preferential payment.

Nuances of providing housing and communal services

Sometimes payment documents may contain other items related to home maintenance:

• Intercom fee. This line will be justified if the installation and installation were carried out by the management company. But sometimes the residents themselves contacted the company to install an electronic locking device, in which case payments to the building managers would be unreasonable. This should be taken into account when paying for services, since many unscrupulous managers include it in the receipt items.
• If a company is dishonest in its responsibility for removing solid household waste, garbage accumulates and a stench begins and rodents breed, then residents have to enter into contracts with special companies engaged in this type of activity. And here it is also necessary to be vigilant: the payments may include payment for waste disposal, which is not actually carried out by the management company at home. In this case, it is necessary to contact the accounting department for a decoding of this line; if there is an export, strictly indicate the inadmissibility of issuing payment.
• The need for seasonal work is due to a number of reasons, for example, in the event of damage to the roof from chips when icicles are dropped. But these works are temporary in nature, and year-round payment is not provided for by the housing complex, but, despite this, the fact of payment is included in the monthly payment receipts.

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