In each region of the Russian Federation, a program of capital repairs of apartment buildings (MKD) is being implemented. The work is carried out at the expense of financial contributions from apartment owners. Many people are concerned about when exactly their home will be renovated.
Anyone can receive detailed information about the queue for major repairs for each apartment building, the types of planned work and the timing of their completion. How to do it? Why are not all houses included in the capital repair program? On what basis is the queue formed when your apartment building will be overhauled?
When is a major renovation of an apartment building carried out?
The legislative framework of the Russian Federation, represented by the Housing Code, regulates the need to carry out major repairs of an apartment building in the event that the building poses a danger to the owners’ residence, and the utility lines are too worn out and cannot be restored through partial replacement.
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All work is carried out at the expense of the owners’ funds, which residents are required to transfer monthly to a specially created settlement account of the HOA or to the account of a regional operator. The minimum tariff rate is calculated by the regional operator, but the owners have the right to independently decide to increase contributions to collect funds as quickly as possible.
For your information
Carrying out a major overhaul of an apartment building is justified if there is a need to replace utility lines, as well as restore the structural elements of the building. At the same time, a special commission assesses the degree of deterioration of the structure and determines the possibility of carrying out restoration work without damaging the remaining elements of the structure.
Violation of deadlines established by the program
Residents can appeal against non-transparent criteria for selecting objects for major repairs or violation of deadlines for its completion. According to the norms of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the regional operator is responsible for non-fulfillment / improper fulfillment of duties provided for by the regional program.
In addition, the Housing Code provides for the liability of contractors for violating the deadlines for the start of work.
If funds are accumulated in a special account, the management company will be responsible.
You can file a complaint using the State Services website. Within 15 days it will be received and reviewed by the responsible department.
Law of the Russian Federation dated 02/07/1992 No. 2300-1 “On the Protection of Consumer Rights” regulates the legal relations that arise between consumers and performers when performing work or providing services. In accordance with Art. 28 of the said normative act, in case of violation of the deadlines for the completion of work, residents have the right to demand:
- reducing the price for work performed;
- full compensation for losses.
The law provides for the establishment of a new deadline for the start of major repairs.
In case of repeated violation, the consumer may demand payment of a penalty in the amount of 3% of the price of uncompleted work for each day of delay.
Regional capital repair programs
Each federal subject of the Russian Federation has developed a certain mechanism, thanks to which the accounting of houses requiring restoration work is carried out. The development of an action plan, as well as the collection and allocation of funds, is carried out by non-profit organizations called regional operators. They are directly subordinate to the MKD Capital Repair Fund.
The tasks of regional operators include:
- Collection of information about dilapidated, emergency buildings, as well as buildings that need restoration work.
- Raising funds for major renovations in an apartment building.
- Control of the distribution of financial resources.
- Monitoring compliance with deadlines for major repairs.
- Coordination of the reconstruction plan.
- Formation of a list and maintenance of the priority of MKDs participating in this regional program.
Attention
You can find out which regional programs operate on the territory of a particular subject of the Russian Federation on the pages of the website www.reformagkh.ru.
You can also contact the Administration of the locality or region for this purpose.
Who is exempt from paying contributions for major repairs?
The obligation of apartment owners to pay contributions for major home repairs is regulated by Federal Law No. 271 in Art. 169 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation.
However, there are cases when residents are not required to pay contributions for major repairs, and categories of persons who will be given a benefit in the form of compensation of 50% of contributions have also been defined.
Who may not pay the overhaul fee:
- owners of apartments in a building that is recognized as unsafe and subject to demolition;
- owners of apartments whose house is located on a site subject to seizure for state needs;
- homeowners in apartment buildings whose lifespan does not exceed 5 years (if there is a corresponding regional law, they are exempt from paying contributions during the first 5 years of operation of the house);
- elderly people over 80 years of age living alone or with retired relatives.
Who is entitled to benefits in the form of 50% compensation:
- elderly people over 70 years of age living alone or with retired relatives;
- disabled people of groups I and II;
- families raising disabled children.
Thus, on the basis of Federal Law 271 on capital repairs, owners of apartments in multi-apartment buildings independently finance the major repairs of their home. In accordance with the regional program adopted by local authorities, a list of houses for major repairs is approved in each region. You can find out when the house will be overhauled, as well as control the expenditure of funds and the progress of repair work on the official website “Housing Stock Monitoring”.
Where can I find out about major renovations of an apartment building?
There are several ways to find out whether a particular apartment building is included in the regional capital repair program:
- Contact the HOA or management company. This is appropriate if the decision to transfer funds for capital repairs is made by the owners to the bank account of the management company or HOA.
- Visit the Administration of the locality during office hours, submit an application from the owners to the head of the Administration, obtain the incoming document number from the secretary and wait for the official response from the specialist.
- Call the housing and communal services hotline and ask a specialist your question.
- Visit the specialized website www.reformagkh.ru and get the necessary information online.
Each owner has the right to receive detailed information about whether a specific property is included in the list of buildings subject to major repairs. By choosing the most convenient method, you can find out within the shortest possible period of time when the work on restoring an apartment building will be completed, and also study the list of declared activities.
Powers of local administration
To obtain information about major repairs, residents of apartment buildings have the right to contact the local municipality. His powers in the field of housing relations are defined in Art. 13.14 Housing Code of the Russian Federation:
- establishing a procedure for informing about ways to form a capital repair fund;
- notifying citizens about the content of the overhaul program and housing assessment criteria for determining priority;
- approval of the procedure and list of cases of work performed at the expense of repayable or non-refundable assistance.
Where can I find out about major repairs online?
You can get information about the timing and scope of major repairs of an apartment building without leaving your apartment or office on a special website. The necessary data is posted on the pages of the portal https://www.reformagkh.ru.
To study them you need to follow a few simple steps:
- Select on the Internet the website of the state reform of the housing and communal services system https://www.reformagkh.ru/.
- Enter the full address of the apartment building in the special field.
- Familiarize yourself with information about the year in which major repairs of this building are planned.
Attention
Also on this site there is a section “Major repairs”, which contains information about the priority. If the owner did not find the house in the general list, then there is a possibility of error. Perhaps the person who entered the building data made a mistake. Or there was a glitch in the program. In this case, it is recommended to contact the Criminal Code in order to clarify the priority and availability of MKD in the general list.
If the owner is interested in more detailed information, then experts recommend contacting the management company or the Administration of the locality.
Postponement of deadlines for major repairs of apartment buildings
In some cases, it becomes necessary to postpone the deadline for major repairs of an apartment building. This development of events can be initiated by homeowners if the building is put on the queue and the expected start date for work has been announced. Postponement of the deadline for major repairs of apartment buildings is possible in several cases:
- The building moved into the “Emergency Housing” category, and this was confirmed by a commission from the relevant organizations. Owners need to correctly prepare a package of documents and then apply for a reduction in the period and a postponement of the start date of work.
- There has been a reduction in the list of services provided. If there is an inaccuracy in the project documentation, which resulted in an increase in the subsidy for the work, then making adjustments and reducing the allocated amount allows you to move the apartment building closer to the beginning of the queue.
- Carrying out repair work that was declared for the home’s participation in the regional program. If these events are carried out by sponsors or at the expense of funds collected independently by homeowners, then the building can be moved to the end of the queue for participation in the program.
- Expanding the list of proposed measures to restore the condition of the house can also lead to a new estimate and moving the building to the end of the queue.
Thus, regional operators can move an apartment building to the end of the capital repair queue if the homeowners have planned a larger list of work than what was previously announced. Or the list contains measures that are not included in the overhaul complex.
Is it possible to make repairs before the specified time?
If the condition of the apartment building is close to emergency, then the law allows for extraordinary repair work. Houses can be repaired before the deadline determined by the relevant documentation. To do this, residents are required to do the following:
- organize a meeting and invite the management of the management company or other management organization;
- at the next stage, the head of the management company will need to send a request to review the repair period in connection with emerging threats to the operation of housing;
- if there are municipal apartments in the apartment building, then a similar appeal must be sent to the municipality.
Next, the request is considered by the authorities, a commission will be created to check the condition of the houses, which will make an appropriate decision.
Is it possible to register a queue for a building yourself?
Attention
It is impossible to independently put an apartment building on the queue for major repairs from a regional operator. But owners can speed up this procedure by preparing a petition and calling a commission, which will assess the condition of the building and make its opinion on the need for work.
The older the building, the closer it will be placed to the beginning of the queue if there are indications for repair work. A critical assessment of the technical condition of the building will also speed up the process of allocating funds in the event that the condition of the housing threatens the safety of life and health of the owners. The level of activity of homeowners also plays an important role in what place a house occupies in the queue for major repairs in an apartment building.
The legislative framework
Standards for carrying out repairs in an apartment building (MCD) are established by the country's Housing Code. Detailed regulations are developed at the level of constituent entities and municipalities.
An apartment building is any residential building with the number of apartments from 2 or more.
According to current regulations, namely Law No. 271, owners are required to carry out repairs at the expense of personal money.
To do this, they must transfer a certain amount of money to the capital repair fund every month. Capital repairs will be carried out from the accumulated savings.
The monthly amount of charges for each owner of a property depends on several factors:
- standards determined at the level of subjects;
- the level of material security of citizens in the region;
- age of the house;
- its number of floors;
- wear and tear;
- use of home infrastructure, etc.
Thus, the contribution for major repairs will be different for owners of secondary housing and owners of apartments in new buildings. Accordingly, the former will pay a large amount to the capital repair fund.
Homeowners have the right to control the progress of repairs and receive information about planned work. Also, apartment owners can determine the method of saving money.
What is included in the major renovation of an apartment building?
The legislative framework of the Russian Federation (Federal Law No. 188, Article 166) clearly regulates the list of works that fall under the definition of major repairs:
- Replacement or restoration of utilities (heating system, water supply, gas pipeline, sewerage and electrical networks).
- Repair work related to restoring the functionality of the elevator shaft and the elevator itself.
- Measures aimed at restoring the integrity of the roof.
- Complex facade works.
- Work related to restoring the integrity of the building foundation.
- Restoration of the technical condition of the basement.
Additional information
An inspection by the commission of a specific building in need of major repairs makes it possible to identify existing problems and determine the scope of work to eliminate them.
The difference between a major renovation of an apartment building and a current one
There are several fundamental differences between a major renovation of an apartment building and a current one. These include:
- Major repairs of apartment buildings are carried out once every few years and can last up to several months. And the current renovation of an apartment building can be scheduled several times during the year and take a time interval from several days to several weeks.
- Receipts for payment for major repairs of apartment buildings come as a separate document. And payment for ongoing restoration work is included in the rent receipts.
- When carrying out a major overhaul of an apartment building, specialists completely or partially replace utility lines or structural elements. And the current repair of multi-unit structures is characterized by restoring the functionality of existing engineering tracks by slightly replacing their structural elements.
You can clarify which actions fall under the definition of a particular type of restoration work from the management company with which the owners of the apartment building have entered into an agreement.
Nuances
One of the important nuances regarding the overhaul of an apartment building is the implementation of restoration measures in housing that has received emergency status. Regardless of the building’s place in the general queue, technical service employees conduct an inspection and issue a conclusion indicating that the building has passed into the category of “emergency housing.” Restoration work is carried out in this case out of turn and at the expense of federal or regional budget funds.
For your information
Depending on the complexity of the work, owners may be offered the option of relocation during the period of measures to restore the technical condition of the building. This applies to cases when the question arises of major repairs of a building that is in disrepair. Housing is recognized as unsafe only after an inspection with the involvement of specialists from technical services and representatives of the management company. A decision to recognize a building as unsafe is made if living in the house threatens the lives of the owners.
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How often should major repairs be carried out?
There is no single legislative act regulating the frequency of reconstruction of buildings, but there are many building codes. Individual deadlines for completion of work are established for each building.
As a rule, the roof and facade are the first to be replaced, as they are exposed to the external environment. The timing of roof overhaul depends on the roofing material used, which on average lasts 20-30 years.
Over time, utilities inside the building become unusable: the heating system, sewage system, gas supply. When calculating the timing, the material used to manufacture the pipes is taken into account:
- plastic can last up to 60 years;
- metal – up to 30 years;
- cast iron - about 20 years.
So, after 20-30 years we have to dismantle outdated networks and replace them with new ones.
The timing of major repairs is set depending on the technologies and materials used after monitoring the housing stock. As part of the short-term implementation plan for 3 years, a sequence of several dozen houses is established.
