How many days is the period for responding to a claim under the Civil Code of the Russian Federation?

Each of us experiences dissatisfaction with the services received or goods purchased quite often, since we all go to the store every day for everyday goods (which must also be of proper quality), use some services (hairdressing salon, laundry, household repairs, repair and finishing works, banking and insurance services, and so on), sometimes we buy clothes and durable goods (household appliances, furniture). While spending our hard-earned money, we want to be completely satisfied with the quality. But situations often arise when, upon arriving home, we discover that the product was not of the quality we expected. Or are you completely unsatisfied with the service received? Or has some amount been debited from your bank account? What to do in such a situation? The first thing every respectable member of our society should do is write a complaint to the seller or company providing services. Let's figure out what the grounds for writing a claim should be.

Deadline for responding to a pre-trial claim

The time frame for the at-fault party to respond to a claim under the Consumer Protection Act varies. It all depends on the subject of the disputed legal relationship and its essence.

Refusal to comply with requirements in a claim

The law does not have clear requirements for filling out documents. The response to the claim filed by the buyer is drawn up in any form. In this case, they are based on the rules of business correspondence.

Refusal to consider the requirements in the claim and their fulfillment by the second party must be motivated. In any case, no one can guarantee that the other party will consider the letter and will definitely respond to it. Therefore, if the refusal is unmotivated or the injured party was ignored, you should go to court.

The details for responding to a claim are as follows:

1. Addressee: last name, first name, patronymic of the citizen who sent the document to the legal entity.
2. Date and place of response generation, outgoing number.
3. Reasoned justification for the refusal of the requirements specified in the complaint.
4. A list of documents that relate to the essence of the case under consideration.
5. Company seal, manager's signature.

The review deadline must be met.

REFERENCE: if the deadline for responding to a consumer complaint has been missed or a document has been received and a written refusal has been drawn up against it, you can go to court.

What compensation can you claim?

The victim may not be satisfied with the amount of monetary compensation and demand additional payment.

If compensation was provided by repair of the vehicle, the following facts may be the basis for filing a claim:

• The repairs were performed poorly;
• Not all breakdowns have been fixed;
• The car broke down during the warranty period;
• Failure to meet the deadline for handing over a repaired vehicle.

You can demand monetary compensation or send the car for re-repair to another service station.

Reasons for filing a claim

The rules for filing a claim are not fixed in the legal regulations, but there are business customs that indicate the details and form of the document. The document relates to business correspondence. It is usually used in situations where one party to the contract expresses dissatisfaction with the other. It concerns the quality of fulfillment of obligations in various areas of civil law relations.

In practice, before writing a claim, the parties gather for negotiations. But they can take place not only in person, but also by telephone. If no consensus is reached based on their results, then a claim is filed.

The party’s refusal to comply with the request comes after reading the document. In practice, a claim acts as a way out of a problematic situation and helps to cope with a controversial issue. Failure to respond to it within the prescribed period, as well as refusal, exercises the right of a citizen or legal entity to go to court. But in the presence of a mandatory claim procedure. If the law allows for the protection of rights without writing a document, this step can be ignored.

A claim is a method that leads the injured party to resolve the situation peacefully. And the reasons are clear:

• the time period for resolving the issue is reduced, since the claim is resolved as quickly as possible;
• no need to collect documents to submit to court or write a claim;
• There are no additional costs for legal expenses or payment of fees for the provision of public services.

Since 2021, the law has introduced a definition that the claim procedure in specific cases is mandatory. Previously, the decision was left to the discretion of the person who suffered from poor-quality services or goods.

How is a consumer complaint made?

Considering the rich market of goods and services, one can easily guess that in almost any area there is something to complain about. Despite the variety of reasons, the filing of the claim itself looks quite standard. The claim consists of:

• The title, which indicates the addressee of the claim, as well as the details of the applicant. The legal name of the organization where it is sent, as well as the address and contact information, is indicated. The name of the organization or company is indicated according to the data written on the check, receipt or drawn up service agreement. The applicant must indicate not only his full name, but also an address with contact details;
• The title and text of the claim itself. This point should be given special attention. The information part of the consumer complaint is compiled in free form, like many other statements or complaints. It is better to start describing the situation from the moment when the legal relationship between the consumer and the one who provided the product or service began. It is necessary to especially emphasize such points as: the conditions that were discussed and established initially, what exactly was the basis according to the contract being drawn up, what information was provided to the consumer. Then you will need to indicate what exactly the claim is for this service or product. Try to speak briefly and clearly state the facts, avoiding overly detailed descriptions. In a complaint, it is important to show exactly why it was made, and not to talk about the number of scratches on the product or to retell the communication with the service provider in person. A correctly and sufficiently succinct claim is almost half the success;
• Applications, signature and date of compilation. Copies of contracts or checks are used as attached documents. They act as evidence of the fact of legal relations. A variety of papers can serve as additional evidence that you are right.

Rules for filing a claim

The document must be drawn up correctly. This will help resolve the controversial legal relationship before trial, which will save effort and money.

The claim procedure may be mandatory by law. And also at the will of the injured person: he can draw up a document or immediately go to court. The cases where this is possible are as follows:

• determination of the circumstances of the dispute that have legal significance;
• recognition of a citizen, individual entrepreneur, LLC as insolvent;
• dispute regarding a corporate conflict, etc.

The claim must be made in writing. There is no unified model. Business correspondence is taken as the basis.

One of the options for drawing up a document

The document contains details:

• information about the parties, which are the addressee and the sender: last name, first name, patronymic, place of registration, name of the organization, legal address;
• document's name;
• the basis on which the parties came to disagreement with each other;
• reference to legal acts regulating issues in this area of ​​legal relations;
• claim requirements;
• waiting period for a response from the other party;
• notification of recourse to court if a response is not received within the specified time.

Sample letter of claim

As judicial practice shows, judges are more favorable to those plaintiffs who tried to resolve a controversial issue through a claim. But we did not receive an answer or received a refusal.

Please note a number of nuances when writing a claim:

1. The requirements set out in it must be clearly formulated and have a deadline for fulfillment. Any claim made is supported by relevant evidence. If written evidence is not available, oral evidence must be selected. The time period for consideration of the claim must be realistic for the second party.
2. If the document contains a calculation of the amount that should be returned (for example, for low-quality shoes), then it is necessary to provide compensation for the costs associated with drawing up the document, its sending, and the amount of the penalty, if they are established by law.
3. When filing a claim, you should rely on the likelihood of seeking help from the court. Both the content of the demands and the amount of money demanded by the plaintiff must match in two documents: in the claim and in the lawsuit.
4. If (as a general rule, excluding specific areas of legal relations) the answer is not received within 30 days, you can safely go to court.

Deadline for responding to a claim under the consumer protection law

The time frame for consideration of a pre-trial response claim is divided into reasonable and established in a special law in different areas of civil law relations. A reasonable period of time is the period of time during which the addressee receives the claim, carefully studies the document, fulfills its terms or refuses to do so. According to the rules, this period is 30 days.

What exactly will determine the period for consideration of claims?

Of course, in this matter you will have to approach any issue especially carefully. The duration of consideration of all claims will depend only on the area of ​​activity where, in particular, this or that incident occurred. In addition, according to the law, the main fixed deadlines for receiving a response to a letter sent by you, then in many cases special regulations are not considered here.

Therefore, based on all these results, it will be possible to consider the main deadline for receiving a response to your appeal, which was sent in special cases. Any sample of a written application can be found on the Internet, but it is better to use the main form on our website.

Deadlines for responding to a legal entity’s claim

If legal entities argue among themselves, then the time frame for responding to claims from organizations varies. But they are fixed, subject to mandatory pre-trial consideration of a problematic economic issue.

REFERENCE: if the period is not established by the contract, then the definition of a reasonable period is put into effect.

The nuances of determining deadlines and responsibility for violating them

The deadlines are determined by law or contract. The first option is provided if the deadline is not established by the clauses of the contract. The legislator is based on the requirements of reasonableness.

This means that the one who received the claim must have time to fully study, consider, and respond. It also takes time for delivery if it is sent by mail. Therefore, the law sets a reasonable period. It is 30 days.

The period established by the contract concerns conflict situations arising in the economic activities of companies or firms.

Time to resolve the issue between the seller and the buyer

Depending on the buyer’s requirements, the time frame given for solving problems also varies:

• deficiency - no more than 45 days;
• provision for replacement - three days;
• exchange - 7 days (20 days if examination is necessary);
• reimbursement of expenses for eliminating product defects - 10 days;
• the buyer was provided with incorrect information - 10 days.

Read the article about the maximum period within which the seller must return the money for the goods.