In 2021, a restriction on traveling abroad is imposed on a Russian citizen if the amount of debt is 30.0 thousand rubles. For a person who has problems with criminal law, the amount of debt is 10.0 thousand rubles.
You can also learn about the ban by reading the article “Will they be released or not? List of categories who are prohibited from traveling abroad” on our website.
You can check the presence of debts that may prevent you from traveling abroad using the nevylet.rf service.
general information
A ban on traveling abroad is possible only on the basis of an appropriate court decision. Only a bailiff in 2021 can notify the defaulter that he is subject to a ban on traveling abroad. You can check it on the official website of the FSSP fssprus.ru.
If there is a resolution on criminal prosecution of the debtor, then law enforcement officers can update the ban on traveling abroad. It is important to understand that if there is a criminal prosecution order, the debtor may be declared persona non grata. Traveling abroad with a criminal record within a year is impossible. Who else is prohibited from traveling abroad among Russians can be read here.
Persona non grata
The vast majority of Russians subject to enforcement proceedings are not dangerous criminals, but everyday debtors. Most often, Russians are prohibited from visiting “abroad” in the following cases:
- If there is an unpaid loan.
- If there is an unpaid traffic fine.
- If you have debts for housing and communal services.
- If you have alimony debts.
- If there is any other large debt.
If a person has a small debt, then the taboo on visiting abroad usually does not apply to him. But to avoid troubles, it is better to clarify this issue in advance. Serious “sanctions” are imposed only if a citizen has a large debt, the total amount of which exceeds 30 thousand rubles. You can also find out about the presence of debt on the website nevylet.rf.
Checking your credit history online
How can you go abroad from Belarus?
A few years ago, information that was good for non-payers was leaked onto the Internet. It turned out that people with debts are allowed to go abroad. True, it is not domestic, but Belarusian border guards who allow Russian debtors into foreign countries.
Today, traveling abroad through Belarus is the most acceptable and economical option. The rules for entry into Belarus for Russians are simple. The border across this country is practically invisible. You can travel across the border both by air and by land. You can board the Moscow-Minsk flight without any problems.
Visits by debtors abroad through Belarus formally do not violate Russian law. Belarus is a different country, and the laws on its territory are also somewhat different from Russian ones. The fact that Russia and Belarus do not have a common base also plays a role.
If the Belarusian border guards released the debtor, then their Russian colleagues have no right not to let him home. Be careful, in 2021 Russian citizens may be turned away at the border of Belarus, it all depends on the specific border guard.
At the airport of the capital of Belarus, a Russian can meet his fellow citizens who are also planning a flight. Experienced travelers love to share information with newcomers, and they will be happy to instruct a Russian on what flight he will need to take back home.
Airport in Minsk, Belarus
The details of the departure must be treated with the utmost attention. It is not recommended to fly abroad in transit through Moscow. This is explained by the fact that in Moscow, a traveler wishing to fly abroad will have to go through passport and customs control.
Travel difficulties
Not long ago, travelers with debts to banks and planning a trip abroad became seriously alarmed. In 2021, traveling abroad with debts across the Belarusian border will be impossible.
The authorities of Russia and Belarus decided to create a single visa area. If words do not match deeds, then debtors will no longer be allowed to cross the Belarusian border.
The heads of state signed the following bilateral documents:
- an agreement that now the cases of alimony workers will be considered in a mutual manner;
- an agreement that the procedure for the execution of all court decisions will be relevant in a reciprocal manner;
- an agreement to create a database (now the names of debtors who are not released in their homeland will be known to Belarusians);
- protocol on forced changes to the agreement on ensuring equality on the issue of free movement of citizens of both countries.
Soon, the lack of opportunity to travel across the Russian-Belarusian border will also hit Belarusian citizens. It is believed that soon the ability of debtors to penetrate abroad through the Belarusian border will disappear.
How sanctions are imposed
The procedure for imposing a ban on traveling abroad is as follows:
- the ban on traveling abroad can only be updated when the defaulter is an ordinary Russian or individual entrepreneur;
- the ban on traveling abroad cannot apply to the accountant and the head of the individual entrepreneur (the same applies to close relatives of the debtor individual);
- a ban on traveling abroad presupposes the presence of a non-property executive document.
Restricting the debtor's movement is only one of the possible measures taken against the defaulter. A person can be prohibited from traveling outside the Russian state only if he continues to ignore his duties.
Typically, a Russian is given 5 working days from the date of commencement of enforcement proceedings to repay a debt to the state or financial organization. The bailiff is not obliged to take the initiative to initiate enforcement proceedings, although he has such a right.
Which authorities and how do they establish a travel ban?
Many people think that there are a lot of authorities that can prevent debtors from going abroad. In fact, only one government body can do this - the bailiff service.
The logic in this case is as follows. A person has one debt or another. The creditor sues him - as a debtor. According to the court decision, a decision is made to collect the debt. By the way, the trial can take place not only without the presence of the debtor himself, but even without his presence in court. So, in theory, a person may not even be aware that he has been subject to a court ban on flying abroad.
Next, the court passes its decision on the restriction to the bailiffs. And they, in turn, go to the border service. Data about the citizen are entered into a special database of debtors. Even if you have a visa, the debtor will be stopped right at the airport during the passport control phase.
What can a FSSP employee do?
In some cases, the bailiff has the right to impose sanctions on the debtor himself. This situation is possible if enforcement proceedings are based on a court decision to secure the claim. This is also possible if you have the appropriate sheet. Usually the sheet is issued when a final decision is made against the defaulter.
Also, the bailiff has the opportunity to take the appropriate initiative in court when the writ of execution is issued by a non-judicial body.
This is relevant if you have:
- Notarial writs of execution.
- Agreements on contributions to the recipient of alimony.
- Decisions of the authorized body on forced collection of debt.
Penalties may be imposed, including in the case of an administrative offense.
Is it possible to leave with debts if you change your last name?
One of the “ancient” ways to fly abroad with a ban is to change your last name and thus try to deceive the border guards’ database. Does it really work?
Previously, this could actually work in certain cases. The fact is that computer databases and communication networks were not so powerfully developed. The papers could sit for months, waiting their turn. By the time they got from the passport service at the place of registration to the border service, they could fly to Turkey a couple of times on vacation using a new surname.
Now, such a maneuver will most likely not work. All necessary information is automatically transmitted via computer networks to the border guards’ database, where a flight ban is issued. Today, federal services and authorities have established cooperation with each other, so it’s most likely not worth hoping for relegation, having debts and simply changing your last name.
What are the situations?
Most Russians are not very familiar with the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Faced with a ban on traveling abroad, some people are interested in the possibility of restrictions on their right to move within Russian territory.
Work of bailiffs with debtors
To date, the legislation of enforcement proceedings does not provide for such restrictions. But the bailiff may have information about how the debtor moves. The defaulter must understand that he will not be able to hide from his responsibilities.
Sometimes the bailiff does not have any information regarding the domestic or foreign passport of the defaulter. It is important to understand that a person will not be allowed to go abroad if the bailiff only knows his first and last name and date of birth.
People often turn to lawyers asking whether they will be released abroad if they pay off the debt when going through passport control. It is possible to pay off your debt at the border. But the ban on traveling abroad will continue to apply.
The decision to lift travel restrictions is not made by border officials. They only receive information upon completion of enforcement proceedings. Border guards receive up-to-date information from the FSB database.
Some defaulters are interested in the question of whether it is possible to circumvent the law and travel abroad through some other Russian city. There is no such possibility. In 2008, Russians with debt to the state or financial organization had the opportunity to travel abroad through Belarus. According to some reports, in 2021, defaulters will no longer have such an opportunity.
Sometimes Russians whose activities involve visiting foreign countries turn out to be debtors to the state or financial organization. It is important to consider that the ban may apply even to sailors and missionaries. This is explained by the fact that usually the bailiff does not have information regarding the type of activity of the defaulter.
If a citizen believes that the restriction should be lifted from him in connection with his professional activities, he must contact the bailiff with a corresponding statement.
Some Russians face sanctions when applying for a foreign passport. If there is a debt, but there are no restrictions on travel, the Russian must appeal the refusal of the employees of the Main Directorate for Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs to a higher authority.
Theoretically, restrictions on visiting abroad are possible even if there are periodic payments. This is explained by the fact that enforcement proceedings are being carried out at the Russian’s address. But such a limitation is easily disputed. Sometimes the issue is resolved before going to court.
Debt amount
The question of how much debt a person is not allowed to travel abroad with has long been clarified. According to existing legislation, a person will not be able to travel abroad if the amount of his debt is 30 thousand rubles.
But in reality everything is somewhat different. If a person does not have time to pay the debt, then he can only rely on the fact that a “penny” amount will not force the border service officers to make him travel prohibited.
The validity period of the ban on traveling abroad is also not strictly determined by Russian legislation. The main thing is that it does not exceed 6 months.
When the case is closed
Russians who have debt are interested in the question of when they will be released abroad again and when the writ of execution will cease to be in force.
Enforcement proceedings are terminated in two ways: by a court decision and on the initiative of an FSSP employee.
In the first case, this happens in the case:
- death of the defaulter;
- death of the claimant;
- lack of opportunity to perform one or another action prescribed by the writ of execution;
- claimant's refusal.
There are other cases provided for by Russian legislation. It is noteworthy that the case is terminated in the event of the death of one or another participant in the process only when we are talking about individuals.
The bailiff may also take the initiative to cancel the enforcement proceedings. This can happen if a judicial act is adopted. Another reason is the court’s agreement with the claimant’s refusal. But most often, enforcement proceedings are terminated against the backdrop of a settlement agreement between the participants in the process.
How to check if there is a ban on traveling abroad? What can you do to avoid being left behind? The answers to these and other questions are in the next video.
Sometimes the court cancels the issued act. Against this background, the bailiff also decides to abandon enforcement proceedings. Proceedings are also terminated when the writ of execution is declared invalid.
After the case is closed, papers do not immediately enter the database.
Therefore, it is strongly recommended to check all debts in the registry before traveling abroad again. You can do this on the service nevylet.rf.
Forums and reviews
To make sure that it is quite possible to leave the territory of Russia while on the prohibited list, and to find out how to travel abroad with loan debts, you can read the reviews of people who have succeeded and take advantage of their advice and travel experience.
- forum.awd.ru - this forum contains a lot of information on how a debtor can leave Russia.
- Additionally, we recommend reading the article about leaving with debts - https://awd.ru/kak-vyehat-s-dolgami-za-granicu/
Concerns about the inability to leave the territory of Russia while on the list of citizens prohibited from leaving are well founded. But this problem has solutions. It is very important before your trip to make sure that you have no debts that could jeopardize your planned departure from the country.
Even if you are on the list, you can legally leave Russia using the tips discussed in this article.
If you have already traveled abroad with debts, then share your experience in the comments below. Other people will find your information very useful! And if you are just going, then write your questions.
